Vertebral artery hypoplasia, posterior circulation infarction and relative hypoperfusion detected by perfusion magnetic resonance imaging semiquantitatively

Zhang, Dao Pei; Qian, Kun; Zhang, Jie Wen; Zhang, Shu Ling; Lu, Gui Feng; Yin, Suo

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.06.043

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Previous studies have found VAH may cause hypoperfusion in the area of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery ( 13 , 15 ). Ahn et al ( 21 ) describes two patients with recurrent isolated vertigo and subsequent cerebellar infarction, probably because of unilateral hypoplastic vertebral artery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The diameter of all four segments of both sides of vertebral artery (V1–V4) and the diameter of basilar artery were measured in the reformed window with the same setting. Vertebral artery segments were classified as follows: V1, from origin to the transverse foramina of C5 or C6 vertebrae, V2, from the transverse foramina of C5 or C6 to the transverse foramina to C2, V3, from the C2 transverse foramina to dura, V4, from dura to the confluence of 2 vertebral arteries to form the basilar artery ( 12 , 13 ).…”

Section: Mr Examination Protocol and Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Stroke and Hypoperfusion in Patients With Isolated Vertigo and Vascular Risk Factors

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Qian³

et al. 2018

Front. Neurol.

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Background and Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of stroke and hypoperfusion among patients with isolated vertigo and vascular risk factors.Methods: We studied 157 patients with isolated vertigo who had undergone multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was used to measure the diameters of vertebrobasilar arteries and to evaluate morphologic changes to vessels. Measurements obtained included length of the basilar artery and curvature index for the vertebral artery (VA). Perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) was performed to determine relative cerebral blood flow, relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time for two mirror regions of interest (ROIs) in each map. Regional hypoperfusion of the cerebellum was considered significant when TTP and mean transit time (MTT) were present in ≥2 adjacent slices.Results: The prevalence of stroke in patients with isolated vertigo and vascular risk factors was 24.8% (n = 39). Visual assessment revealed cerebellar hypoperfusion in 57.6% (68/118) of non-stroke patients. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that diabetes mellitus (P = 0.049, OR = 2.758), VA stenosis or hypoplasia (P = 0.023, OR = 3.486), and relative TTP of cerebellum (P = 0.002, OR = 3.197) were independent risk factors for stroke and LVA curvature index (P = 0.026, OR = 2.049), VA stenosis and hypoplasia (P = 0.009, OR = 2.977) were independent risk factors for hypoperfusion.Conclusions: The prevalence of stroke and hypoperfusion is higher in patients with isolated vertigo and vascular risk factors, compared with matched controls. Potential risk factors include diabetes mellitus, VA stenosis or hypoplasia, and enlarged VA curvature index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Mr Examination Protocol and Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Stroke and Hypoperfusion in Patients With Isolated Vertigo and Vascular Risk Factors

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Qian³

et al. 2018

Front. Neurol.

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“…Vertebral artery hypoplasia (VAH) is a condition that occurs when one VA is significantly smaller than the other, but still connects to the basilar artery system [12] . The diameter cut-off used to define VAH varies depending on the study, but generally range from <2 to <3 mm [13] . VAH has been reported in anywhere from 2.34%-28.9% of healthy adults, with the right VA more frequently affected than the left [14] , [15] , [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VAH has been reported in anywhere from 2.34%-28.9% of healthy adults, with the right VA more frequently affected than the left [14] , [15] , [16] . Although most cases of VAH are asymptomatic, numerous studies have identified it as an independent risk factor for regional hypoperfusion and posterior circulation infarction [13] , [17] , [18] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bow hunter's syndrome in a patient with vertebral artery atresia, an arcuate foramen, and unilateral deafness: a case report

Simpkin

Davis

et al. 2017

Radiology Case Reports

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Bow hunter's syndrome (BHS) is a rare cause of vertebrobasilar insufficiency that occurs when the vertebral artery (VA) is occluded on rotation of the head and neck. This dynamic occlusion of the VA can occur anywhere along its course after it arises from the subclavian artery. Although most cases are associated with compression by osteophytes, cervical spondylosis, or lateral disc herniation, BHS has a highly variable clinical course that depends on the patient's specific anatomy. Therefore, it may be important for clinicians to be aware of anatomical variants that predispose individuals to BHS. Here, we report on a patient with BHS who was found to have two uncommon anatomical anomalies: an atretic right VA and a left-sided arcuate foramen.

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“…The prevalence of hypoplastic vertebral artery based on MRA study in normal healthy population was 26.5%, more common on the right, 54 and higher (35.2%) in patients with posterior circulation stroke. 55 Increased MFV of unilateral VA on TCD may indicate either ipsilateral stenosis or contralateral HP or AP. If other vascular segments do not show any abnormal findings, asymmetry index greater than 40% would highly suggest unilateral HP or AP.…”

Section: Vertebral Artery Hypoplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pictorial Essay: Transcranial Doppler Findings of the Intracranial and Extracranial Diseases

Kim

2019

J Neurosonol Neuroimag

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This pictorial essay with supplementary video files illustrates the transcranial Doppler (TCD) findings of intracranial diseases such as intracranial arterial stenosis and vasospasm, extracranial arterial diseases and pathologies such as carotid artery disease and aortic stenosis, and other diseases that neurologists and neurosonologists commonly encounter in practice. As the TCD ultrasonography acquires hemodynamic information with sound, the supplementary video files would help the readers to better understand the findings.

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Vertebral artery hypoplasia, posterior circulation infarction and relative hypoperfusion detected by perfusion magnetic resonance imaging semiquantitatively

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence of Stroke and Hypoperfusion in Patients With Isolated Vertigo and Vascular Risk Factors

Prevalence of Stroke and Hypoperfusion in Patients With Isolated Vertigo and Vascular Risk Factors

Bow hunter's syndrome in a patient with vertebral artery atresia, an arcuate foramen, and unilateral deafness: a case report

Pictorial Essay: Transcranial Doppler Findings of the Intracranial and Extracranial Diseases

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