Vertebral Aging in Hypopituitary Dwarf Mice

Silberberg, Ruth

doi:10.1159/000211982

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The present findings are similar to those in the vertebrae of hypopituitary dwarf mice. in which all phases of skeletal growth and development are retarded [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Onset of Disk Degeneration and Spondylosis in Sand Rats (Psammomys Obesus)

1983

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The sand rat is a desert animal which feeds mainly on salt bush, a shrub with a high salt content in its leaves. Sand rats have been used for the study of renal function, and since they may develop diabetes if kept on a laboratory diet without a supplement of salt bush, they have been used for investigation of diabetes-related disorders as well. Older diabetic and non-diabetic sand rats are prone to develop severe degeneration of the intervertebral disks, disk herniation, and subsequent hyperostotic spondylosis. This report is concerned with the relation of these processes to aging. The vertebral columns of 25 sand rats which were fed a standard laboratory diet and a supplement of salt bush ad libitum were examined. The sand rats ranged from 12 to 18 months of age. The vertebral columns were dissected, prepared for microscopic examination, and the findings were compared with those obtained previously in sand rats from 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 years of age. Both disk degeneration and spondylosis were comparable in course and frequency to the changes found in the older sand rats. It was concluded that factors other than age are involved in the pathogenesis of disk degeneration in the sand rat.

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“…The present findings are similar to those in the vertebrae of hypopituitary dwarf mice. in which all phases of skeletal growth and development are retarded [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Onset of Disk Degeneration and Spondylosis in Sand Rats (Psammomys Obesus)

1983

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“…First reports of data concerning aging and longevity of hypopituitary dwarf mice lacking somatotrophs appeared in the 1970s, but the findings were contradictory with the observed lifespans being drastically reduced [39], not reduced [40] or impressively extended [41, 42]. Subsequent studies in a different mutant with the same endocrine phenotype [20] and reexamination of the longevity of mutants that had been studied in the 1970s [21], demonstrated that combined deficiency of GH, thyrotropin and prolactin in both Ames dwarf (Prop1 df ) and Snell dwarf (Pit1 dw ) mice is associated with significant, very pronounced (approximately 30 – 70%, depending on sex and diet) extension of longevity [20, reviewed in 43, 44].…”

Section: Evidence That Gh Can Accelerate Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

GH and ageing: Pitfalls and new insights

Bartke

Darcy

2017

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metab

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Interrelationships of growth hormone (GH) actions and aging are complex and incompletely understood. The very pronounced age-related decline in GH secretion together with benefits of GH therapy in individuals with congenital or adult GH deficiency (GHD) prompted interest in GH as an anti-aging agent. However, the benefits of treatment of normal elderly subjects with GH appear to be marginal and counterbalanced by worrisome side effects. In laboratory mice, genetic GH deficiency or resistance leads to a remarkable extension of longevity accompanied by signs of delayed and/or slower aging. Mechanisms believed to contribute to extended longevity of GH-related mutants include improved anti-oxidant defenses, enhanced insulin sensitivity and reduced insulin levels, reduced inflammation and cell senescence, major shifts in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism and greater stress resistance. Negative association of the somatotropic signaling and GH/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-dependent traits with longevity was also shown in other mammalian species. In humans, syndromes of GH resistance or deficiency have no consistent effect on longevity, but can provide striking protection from cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis. More subtle variations in various steps of GH and IGF-1 signaling are associated with reduced old-age mortality, particularly in women and with improved chances of attaining extremes of lifespan. Epidemiological studies raise a possibility that the relationship of IGF-1 and perhaps also GH levels with human healthy aging and longevity may be biphasic. However, the impact of somatotropic signaling on neoplastic disease is difficult to separate from its impact on aging and IGF-1 levels exhibit opposite associations with different chronic, age-related diseases.

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“…The present findings give qualified support to the view stressing the cartilaginous origin of the osteophytes [7,12] as opposed to the hypothesis attributing them to mem branous ossification at the fibrous insertion of the annulus fibrosus at the vertebral margin [12], Proliferation of chondrocytes may be triggered by mechanical irritation following nuclear prolapse and subsequent mal alignment of the opposing vertebrae. In the absence of damage to the disc, systemic influences may come into play, as suggested by Schmorl and J unghanns [12] and G loobe and Nathan [8] and demonstrated in cases of acromegaly [6], and by the attenuation of spondylosis in hypopituitary dwarf mice [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Vertebral Cartilage and Bone to Hormonal Imbalances Produced by Anterior Hypophyseal Hormones and Hypothyroidism

Silberberg¹

1974

Pathobiology

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The response of lumbar vertebrae to hormonal imbalances, caused by administration of somatotrophin, prolactin, propylthiouracil and radioactive iodine ¹³¹I was investigated in male or female mice of strains C₅₇Bl or Dba. The pituitary hormones given during the growth period and shortly thereafter did not alter the incidence but increased the severity of spondylosis and thus facilitated the tracing of the stepwise evolution of the lesions from residual cartilage of the growth zones. Other lesions arose from calcific foci at the insertion of the annulus at the vertebral margin. Propylthiouracil retarded developmental processes in growth zones and metaphyses, attenuated the aging changes in the intervertebral discs, decreased the incidence of spondylosis, but intensified the development of vertebral epiphyses. Disc prolapse remained unaffected by the hormonal imbalances. The reaction of vertebral cartilage and bone was generally attenuated as compared to the response of the long bones to hormonal stimulation.

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Vertebral Aging in Hypopituitary Dwarf Mice

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Early Onset of Disk Degeneration and Spondylosis in Sand Rats (Psammomys Obesus)

Early Onset of Disk Degeneration and Spondylosis in Sand Rats (Psammomys Obesus)

GH and ageing: Pitfalls and new insights

Response of Vertebral Cartilage and Bone to Hormonal Imbalances Produced by Anterior Hypophyseal Hormones and Hypothyroidism

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