Versuche über Pflanzenhybriden

Mendel, Gregor

doi:10.1007/978-3-663-19714-0_4

Cited by 86 publications

(86 citation statements)

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“…Unfortunately, he was unaware of Mendel's work, despite its publication 2 years earlier (Mendel 1866). Mendel's work has now, of course, permanently revolutionized our understanding of heredity, and his tragic failure to obtain recognition in his lifetime is a well-known story.…”

Section: Darwin's Difficulties With Inheritancementioning

confidence: 99%

Darwin and Genetics

Charlesworth

2009

Genetics

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Darwin's theory of natural selection lacked an adequate account of inheritance, making it logically incomplete. We review the interaction between evolution and genetics, showing how, unlike Mendel, Darwin's lack of a model of the mechanism of inheritance left him unable to interpret his own data that showed Mendelian ratios, even though he shared with Mendel a more mathematical and probabilistic outlook than most biologists of his time. Darwin's own ''pangenesis'' model provided a mechanism for generating ample variability on which selection could act. It involved, however, the inheritance of characters acquired during an organism's life, which Darwin himself knew could not explain some evolutionary situations. Once the particulate basis of genetics was understood, it was seen to allow variation to be passed intact to new generations, and evolution could then be understood as a process of changes in the frequencies of stable variants. Evolutionary genetics subsequently developed as a central part of biology. Darwinian principles now play a greater role in biology than ever before, which we illustrate with some examples of studies of natural selection that use DNA sequence data and with some recent advances in answering questions first asked by Darwin.

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Section: Darwin's Difficulties With Inheritancementioning

confidence: 99%

Darwin and Genetics

Charlesworth

2009

Genetics

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“…Mendel described the idea of dominance based on the study of 'qualitative' characters where only two (or a few) states could be scored, such as the colour of flowers [1]. He concluded that 'factors', later called alleles, might display dominance relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance and gene dosage balance in health and disease: why levels matter!

Veitia

Birchler

2009

The Journal of Pathology

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The classical concept of genetic dominance is a simplification of a more quantitative reality. This is clearly exemplified by aneuploid syndromes, of which the best known case is trisomy 21. Moreover, there is an increasing number of clinical conditions due to reduced dosage (haploinsufficiency) of genes encoding transcription factors and other proteins involved in signal transduction and macromolecular complexes. In such genetic diseases, a high degree of phenotypic variability is observed, which calls for an explanation. The sources of dominance are heterogeneous and difficult to cover in a brief review. Here, we will focus on the molecular bases of dosage-sensitive syndromes from the perspective of the gene dosage balance hypothesis, which postulates that stoichiometric alterations of macromolecular complexes or cellular networks are responsible for dominant phenotypes, because of the existing non-linear relationships between the genotypic and phenotypic values with which they are associated.

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“…2). It is therefore not possible that episodical sexual reproduction of flowers within this genet is responsible for a lateral expansion because any recombination would lead to segregation into both homozygous and the heterozygous genotype at each of the 3 loci according to Mendel's fundamental law of genetics (Mendel 1866). Accordingly, the probability that 44 identical heterozygous genotypes originated from sexual reproduction is infinitesimal small.…”

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confidence: 99%

An ancient eelgrass clone in the Baltic

Reusch¹,

Boström²,

Stam³

et al. 1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

120

118

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We report that an eelgrass bed Zostera marina L. at the h a n d Islands, northern Baltic Sea, is dominated by a single genotype which extends over an area of approximately 160 X 40 m. In total, 47 individuals were sampled and genotyped for 6 highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. Forty-four of the ramets revealed the same 6-locus genotype, including 3 identical heterozygous loci. They were thus assigned to the same genet (= clone). To our knowledge, it represents the largest marine plant identified thus far. Based on estimates of horizontal rhizome growth rates, this clone may be more than 1000 yr old. The remarkable phenotypic plasiticity of a single genotype which dominates this site illustrates that there is no simple one-to-one relationship between genetic diversity and population persistence in changing and stressful environments.

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Versuche über Pflanzenhybriden

Cited by 86 publications

References 0 publications

Darwin and Genetics

Darwin and Genetics

Dominance and gene dosage balance in health and disease: why levels matter!

An ancient eelgrass clone in the Baltic

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