Verse letter from Fanny Burney to Esther Burney Burney

Burney, Frances; Rizzo, Betty

doi:10.1093/oseo/instance.00070932

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In several of these cases the temporal resolution of sampling was fine enough to show that charcoal increase followed dungfungus decline on time-scales of decades or centuries [20 -24]. In some places, increased fire was followed in turn by changes in vegetation: from open mixed rainforest and sclerophyll forest to uniform sclerophyll forest at Lynch's Crater in NE Australia [20]; from patchy spruce parkland to continuous hardwood and conifer forest at Appleman Lake in the NE USA [22]; and from mosaics of savannah, woodland and thicket vegetation to extensive grassland in SW Madagascar [24,25].…”

Section: The Evidence (A) Palaeo-ecology: Megafaunal Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can trophic rewilding reduce the impact of fire in a more flammable world?

Johnson

Prior

Archibald

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large vertebrates affect fire regimes in several ways: by consuming plant matter that would otherwise accumulate as fuel; by controlling and varying the density of vegetation; and by engineering the soil and litter layer. These processes can regulate the frequency, intensity and extent of fire. The evidence for these effects is strongest in environments with intermediate rainfall, warm temperatures and graminoid-dominated ground vegetation. Probably, extinction of Quaternary megafauna triggered increased biomass burning in many such environments. Recent and continuing declines of large vertebrates are likely to be significant contributors to changes in fire regimes and vegetation that are currently being experienced in many parts of the world. To date, rewilding projects that aim to restore large herbivores have paid little attention to the value of large animals in moderating fire regimes. Rewilding potentially offers a powerful tool for managing the risks of wildfire and its impacts on natural and human values.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Trophic rewilding: consequences for ecosystems under global change’.

show abstract

Section: The Evidence (A) Palaeo-ecology: Megafaunal Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can trophic rewilding reduce the impact of fire in a more flammable world?

Johnson

Prior

Archibald

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Did forests disappear as people shifted their subsistence strategy from ephemeral foraging to dedicated agro-pastoralism [5]? Did early human colonizers severely reduce Madagascar's natural grazer community through hunting, radically changing the fire ecology and ultimately destroying forests [6,7]? Normally, grasslands are maintained by natural fire and by grazers, usually large-bodied herbivores.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Madagascar's ephemeral palaeo-grazer guild: who ate the ancient C ₄ grasses?

Godfrey

Crowley

2016

Proc. R. Soc. B.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Madagascar today is 65% grassland. Its grassy biomes were widely interpreted as 'anthropogenic' before Bond et al. [1] challenged that view, claiming that grasses colonized Madagascar during the Miocene. Through an analysis of grass clade endemism and specialization, Vorontsova et al. [2] have marshalled compelling support for this argument.Still, many questions about Madagascar's grasslands remain, and they are critical to debates regarding why so many forest-dwelling animals disappeared after human arrival. We know that forests declined and grasslands expanded, but we do not know precisely when, why or to what extent. Did significant pre-contact expansion occur [3]? Did post-contact aridification trigger this transformation [4]? Did forests disappear as people shifted their subsistence strategy from ephemeral foraging to dedicated agro-pastoralism [5]? Did early human colonizers severely reduce Madagascar's natural grazer community through hunting, radically changing the fire ecology and ultimately destroying forests [6,7]? Normally, grasslands are maintained by natural fire and by grazers, usually large-bodied herbivores. But Madagascar's modern grazers (e.g. cattle and goats) were recently introduced. If pre-contact grasslands were extensive, we would expect to see a significant palaeo-grazer guild. The prime candidates are pygmy hippopotamuses and giant tortoises-animals that, along with giant lemurs and elephant birds, comprised Madagascar's now-extinct megafauna.According to Vorontsova et al.[2], previously published stable carbon isotope (d 13 C) data suggest that (i) Madagascar's hippopotamuses consumed a 'high proportion of C 4 plants' (i.e. grasses) [8] and (ii) its giant tortoises had diverse diets [9]. We were motivated to write this comment for three reasons. First, Crowley et al. [8] never claimed that Madagascar's hippopotamuses ate a 'high proportion of C 4 plants'. We did note that subfossil hippos, tenrecs, carnivorans and the endemic rodent Hypogeomys australis had higher d 13 C values than subfossil primates (except Hadropithecus [10]), but we never defended a high proportion of C 4 plants in the diets of any of these animals. Second, Vorontsova et al.[2] omitted important published isotope data on hippos and tortoises from Madagascar [8,11,12]. Third, we believe that the literature would benefit from greater discussion of these data. C 4 grasses (including those measured in Madagascar [11]) typically have d 13 C values between 211 and 214‰, while C 3 plants have much lower values, averaging between 226.5 and 231.5‰ for different Madagascan forests [13]. Assuming an offset of þ5‰ between herbivore bone collagen and plant diet (reviewed in [14]), pure C 4 consumers should have d 13 C values more than 29‰, those with pure C 3 diets should have d 13 C values less than 221.5‰, and those that consumed a relatively even mixture of C 3 and C 4 plants should have values of 214 to 218‰. Thus, herbivores with values between 218 and 221.5‰ likely consumed more C 3 than C 4 plants.Carbon isotope values f...

show abstract

“…Efficient network intrusion detection system is only solution to such threats [1]. IDS is a monitoring system of networks to control / avoid / secure the networks from cyber terrorist or it is the process of examine the events occurring in a network or computer system and detecting the signs of incidents which are the threats of computer security Policies [2]. KDD-99 data set usually used for investigating the nature of attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient FSM Techniques for IDS to Reduce the System Attacks

Khan¹,

Burney²

2011

IJCA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main purpose of this research is to introduce the new techniques of Finite State Machine (FSM), mainly DFA and PDA to filter the error attacks of an Intrusion Detection System. The main purpose of implementing the PDA model in attacks is to minimize the space required which is important issue in network when attacks are push and slow down the network traffic. The data transfer from Intrusion Detection Model in a certain time on random basis, may the system will hang due to huge amount of data but if we will use Time Management Automata we can easily remove such problem.

show abstract

Verse letter from Fanny Burney to Esther Burney Burney

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Can trophic rewilding reduce the impact of fire in a more flammable world?

Can trophic rewilding reduce the impact of fire in a more flammable world?

Madagascar's ephemeral palaeo-grazer guild: who ate the ancient C ₄ grasses?

Efficient FSM Techniques for IDS to Reduce the System Attacks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Verse letter from Fanny Burney to Esther Burney Burney

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Can trophic rewilding reduce the impact of fire in a more flammable world?

Can trophic rewilding reduce the impact of fire in a more flammable world?

Madagascar's ephemeral palaeo-grazer guild: who ate the ancient C 4 grasses?

Efficient FSM Techniques for IDS to Reduce the System Attacks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Madagascar's ephemeral palaeo-grazer guild: who ate the ancient C ₄ grasses?