Versatile Multilayer Transparent Electrodes for ITO-Free and Flexible Organic Solar Cells

Han, Seungchan; Lim, Sooyeon; Kim, Hoyeon; Cho, Hyunsu; Yoo, Seunghyup

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2010.2041637

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The P3HT-based holeonly device consists of ITO, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), P3HT/CNT, WO 3 , and Al layers, where the Al and WO 3 bilayer prevents electron injection (Supporting Information Figure S3b). [ 30 ] As shown in Figure 1f , the device with 1.0 wt% B-CNT showed a remarkable enhancement in J , while those with 1.0 wt% N-CNT or undoped CNT showed a decrease in J . This result is again consistent with the fact that the work function of B-CNT matches well with the HOMO of P3HT.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201003296mentioning

confidence: 83%

Selective Electron‐ or Hole‐Transport Enhancement in Bulk‐Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with N‐ or B‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2010

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Doping improves performance. N- or B-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) uniformly dispersed in the active layer of P3HT/PCMB (poly (3-hexylthiophene/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) bulk-heterojunction solar cells selectively enhance electron or hole transport and eventually help carrier collection. Specifically, the incorporation of 1.0 wt% B-doped CNTs results in balanced electron and hole transport and accomplishes a power conversion efficiency improvement from 3.0% (without CNTs) to 4.1%.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adma201003296mentioning

confidence: 83%

Selective Electron‐ or Hole‐Transport Enhancement in Bulk‐Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with N‐ or B‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2010

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“…The third layer, ZnS, due to its high n value, produces an approach to a zero‐reflection effect, as shown by the luminance characteristics of the OLED . The same idea has been used in organic solar cells, ZnS/Ag/WO 3 /P3HT:PCBM/Ca/Al, deposited onto flexible substrate . Here also WO 3 (30 nm) is an efficient buffer, Ag (12 nm) allows conductive and flexible structures to be obtained and the third ZnS (30 nm) layer, which has no direct role in electrical properties, allows the reflection to be managed.…”

Section: Oxide–metal–oxide Multilayer Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward indium‐free optoelectronic devices: Dielectric/metal/dielectric alternative transparent conductive electrode in organic photovoltaic cells

Cattin

Bérnède

Morsli

2013

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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International audienceDepending on their resistivity and their transmittance, the thin films of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) are widely used in optoelectronic devices. In2O3:Sn (ITO) is the most widely used TCO in optoelectronic devices. As indium is scarce and ITO is limited in flexibility due to its ceramic structure, many studies have been dedicated to new transparent conductive electrodes. This review article presents the state-of-the-art concerning the dielectric/metal/dielectric structures and their application as transparent electrodes in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVCs). First, TCO/Ag/TCO structures were created to achieve higher conductivity than ITO films. Then others dielectrics have been used such as transition-metal oxides (WO3, MoO3, V2O5, etc.), ZnS, etc. Such structures exhibit excellent flexibility, high conductivity, and good transparency. They can be deposited onto substrates at room temperature by simple evaporation under vacuum. Moreover, it is possible to manage the anode work function through the choice of the dielectric, which can allow them to be used as cathodes or anodes and as intermediate electrodes in tandem solar cells. The properties of the dielectric/metal/dielectric (D/M/D) structures depend on the thickness of the different layers. The threshold thickness value of the metal film is usually around 10 nm, where the structures change from an insulating state to a highly conductive state. This is attributed to the percolation of conducting metal paths. The transmittance of the films increases when the metal thickness increases up to the percolation thickness, while further increase induces a decrease in transmittance. Finally, the nature and the thickness of the dielectric layers can be chosen as a function of the device properties requested, which is illustrated through different examples of OPVCs

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“…Research over the past decade has shown that OSCs are no longer considered as only a interesting area of academic research but are realistic alternative to established photovoltaic technologies [2], [3]. As we all know, a major advantage of OSCs is the variety of polymer and composites that can be employed as the active layer; thus, this offers many avenues in further improving the device performance [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible ITO-Free Organic Solar Cells Based on <named-content content-type="math" xlink:type="simple"> <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{MoO}_{3}/\hbox{Ag}$</tex-math></inline-formula></named-content> Anodes

et al. 2015

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Flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) using our proposed MoO 3 (2 nm)/Ag (9 nm) anode are fabricated on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) films as the active layer. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.50% is achieved for such flexible indium tin oxide (ITO)-free OSCs under 1 sun AM 1.5G simulated illumination, which is comparable with that of the same devices fabricated on glass substrates (PCE of 2.71%) or that of ITObased reference OSCs on glass (PCE of 2.85%). Meanwhile, such flexible ITO-free OSCs show good mechanical flexibility. A 10% degradation in PCE is observed after 500 inner bending cycles with a bending radius of 1.5 cm, whereas a 5% decrease in PCE is observed after 500 outer bending cycles. Furthermore, the flexibility of the structure PET=MoO 3 =Ag=MoO 3 has been investigated. Its transparency almost remains constant, and its sheet resistance varies negligibly after 1000 cycles of inner or outer bending tests. It shows the huge potential of our flexible electrodes, and it may be instructive for further research on flexible electrodes.

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Versatile Multilayer Transparent Electrodes for ITO-Free and Flexible Organic Solar Cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 21 publications

Selective Electron‐ or Hole‐Transport Enhancement in Bulk‐Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with N‐ or B‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes

Selective Electron‐ or Hole‐Transport Enhancement in Bulk‐Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with N‐ or B‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes

Toward indium‐free optoelectronic devices: Dielectric/metal/dielectric alternative transparent conductive electrode in organic photovoltaic cells

Flexible ITO-Free Organic Solar Cells Based on <named-content content-type="math" xlink:type="simple"> <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$\hbox{MoO}_{3}/\hbox{Ag}$</tex-math></inline-formula></named-content> Anodes

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