“…The risk of esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and gallbladder cancer may be increased by inflammatory diseases, such as esophagitis, Barrett's metaplasia, and chronic pancreatitis (16,29). Possible associations were also found in Marjolin's ulcer and skin carcinoma (16), asbestos and mesothelioma (16), silica, cigarette smoke, and bronchial cancer (16), chronic asthma and lung cancer (30)(31)(32), sarcoidosis and lung, skin, and liver cancer (33), ulcerative lichen planus and verrucous carcinoma (34,35), foreskin inflammation/phimosis and penile cancer (36), and pelvic inflammatory disease or ovarian epithelial inflammation and ovarian cancer (16,37). Chronic prostatitis, resulting from either persistent bacteria infection or noninfective stimuli, was associated with prostate cancer (38).…”