Verruciform xanthoma of the tongue

Byakodi, Sanjay; Kumar, B H Ananad; Patil, Sandeep B.; Shinde, Swapnil

doi:10.4103/0975-5950.208982

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The literature review yielded 74 publication with a total number of 416 cases of OVX ( 1 , 4 , 9 - 73 ). With the addition of the 13 new cases of the present study, the total number of OVXs reported in the English literature is 429.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral verruciform xanthoma: Report of 13 new cases and review of the literature

Tamiolakis

Theofilou²,

Tosios³

et al. 2018

Med Oral

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BackgroundOral verruciform xanthoma (OVX) is a rare lesion. The purpose of the present study is to describe the clinical features of 13 OVXs and review all cases reported in the English literature.Material and MethodsThirteen cases of OVX diagnosed during a 47-year period were retrospectively collected. The patients’ gender and age, as well as the main clinical features of the lesions were retrieved from the biopsy request forms. Pubmed®, Scopus® and Google ScholarTM electronic databases were searched with the key word “verruciform xanthoma”. Only cases of histologically confirmed OVX were included in the study.ResultsThe 13 OVXs represented approximately 0.04% of 35,617 biopsies accessioned during the study period. They affected 13 patients, 8 males and 5 females with a mean age of 48.8±14 years. They mainly appeared as asymptomatic granular nodules or plaques, with elastic or normal consistency and white color, in the gingiva or hard palate. Literature review yielded 416 cases of OVX. With the addition of cases of the present study, 429 cases of OVX have been presented in the English literature. OVX has a slight male predominance with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1 and the majority of patients are in the 5th to 7th decade of life. Clinically, OVX mainly presents as an asymptomatic, single, papillary or granular plaque or nodule, with elastic or soft consistency and white, red or pink color. It measures approximately 1cm and is most commonly located on the gingiva, tongue, hard palate or buccal mucosa. The treatment of choice is surgical excision with little rates of recurrence.ConclusionsVerruciform xanthoma is a rare lesion most often encountered on the ginigival mucosa. As its clinical presentation is not pathognomonic, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of verrucous or papillary lesions. Key words:Oral verruciform xanthoma, oral tumors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral verruciform xanthoma: Report of 13 new cases and review of the literature

Tamiolakis

Theofilou²,

Tosios³

et al. 2018

Med Oral

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“…Among the hypotheses suggested for its development is chronic irritation caused by trauma, which would favor epithelial cell degeneration and consequent release of lipid material, which would then be phagocyted by macrophages. 3,6,10,13,14 This hypothesis is mainly considered when the lesions in oral mucosa regions more susceptible to trauma, such as the buccal mucosa. In the present case, VX was located in the buccal mucosa, although agravating factors or trauma in the region were not identified, thus discarding this possible etiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verruciform xanthoma associated with lichen planus

Medeiros¹,

França²,

Silva³

et al. 2022

Autops Case Rep

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Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare benign lesion of unknown etiology, with a rough or papillary aspect, painless, sessile, well-defined, most lesions do not exceed 2 cm in their largest diameter, the degree of keratinization of the surface influences color, varying white to red, affecting mainly the gingiva and alveolar mucosa, and can also be seen in skin and genital. Herein, we present a report a clinical case of oral verruciform xanthoma in the buccal mucosa associated with the lichen planus lesion, as well as the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the lesion. The clinical diagnostic hypothesis of oral lichen planus of the white reticular lesions on the buccal mucosa and on the tongue was confirmed by histopathology before a subepithelial connective tissue exhibiting intense inflammatory infiltrate in a predominantly lymphocytic band. In contrast, the hypothesis of the verrucous lesion in the left buccal mucosa was leukoplakia, with histopathological evidence showing exophytic and digitiform proliferations with parakeratin plugs between the papillary projections. Subepithelial connective tissue was characterized by macrophages with foamy cytoplasm (xanthoma cells). An immunohistochemical examination was performed, showing positivity for CD68, a macrophage marker, in addition to testing by Schiff's periodic acid (PAS) with diastasis, which was detected the presence of lipids inside these macrophages. The patient is free of recurrences of verruciform xanthoma and is being monitored due to the presence of lesions of oral lichen planus.

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“…The occurrence of this entity in extra-oral sites is rare and was first reported by Santa Cruz in 1979, when he reported two cases involving the vulva. [1][2][3] The pathogenesis of these lesions is unknown. Unlike its cutaneous counterpart, no disturbance of lipid metabolism, or evidence of missense mutation in exon 6 of the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NSDHL) gene that plays an important role in cholesterol biosynthesis or relation to HPV has been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Verruciform xanthoma is an uncommon benign mucocutaneous lesion that has a verruciform (wart-like) appearance [1]. It was first described by Shafer in the year 1971 affecting the oral mucosa [2]. The most common site for verruciform xanthoma is the oral mucosa of the gingiva and alveolar mucosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%