Vernal distribution of dimethylsulphide, dimethylsulphoniopropionate, and dimethylsulphoxide in the North Water in 1998

Bouillon, René‐Christian; Lee, Peter A.; Mora, Stephen J. de; Levasseur, Maurice; Lovejoy, Connie

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(02)00184-4

Cited by 58 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Moreover, DMSP p : Chl a ratios were relatively high (up to 29.1 nmol g Ϫ1 in the east lobe and 103 nmol g Ϫ1 in the west lobe). These values are similar to oceanic levels reported elsewhere (Turner et al 1995;Matrai and Vernet 1997;Bouillon et al 2002). They are also comparable to or greater than DMSP p : Chl a ratios observed in ice-algal communities (Lee et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, DMSO p : Chl a ratios reveal a slightly different pattern. The DMSO p : Chl a ratios for the Lake Bonney phytoplankton community are similar to those for the communities studied by Simó et al (1998) and Lee et al (2001) and similar to the lowest values observed by Bouillon et al (2002). This relationship indicates that the phytoplankton cells in Lake Bonney have a similar DMSO content to phytoplankton in oceanic environ-ments and that the low levels of DMSO p may be due to relatively low amounts of Chl a found in the lake.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In contrast to DMSP p , the concentrations of DMSO p observed in Lake Bonney are less than those measured in diatom-dominated ice-algal communities (Lee et al 2001) and mixed oceanic communities (Simó et al 1998), but they are similar to the lowest values reported for diatom-dominated seawater (Bouillon et al 2002). However, DMSO p : Chl a ratios reveal a slightly different pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Elevated levels of dimethylated‐sulfur compounds in Lake Bonney, a poorly ventilated Antarctic lake

Lee

Priscu

DiTullio

et al. 2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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Lake Bonney is a permanently ice-covered lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. The lake has two chemically stratified lobes (referred to as the east and west lobes), each with distinct biogenic sulfur profiles. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP p ) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO p ) exceeded 32 and 2 nmol L Ϫ1 , respectively, in the photic surface waters of the lake. Maximum DMSP p levels occurred in the deep-chlorophyll layer of both lobes, a zone dominated by chrysophytes and chlorophytes, which are thought to be the source of dimethylated sulfur in the deep waters of the lake following sedimentation and biogeochemical processing. Waters beneath the chemoclines of both lobes are cold (Ͻ0ЊC), saline (Ͼ3 times seawater), suboxic, and devoid of phytoplankton biomass and activity. Dimethylsulfide (DMS) levels (Ͼ330 nmol L Ϫ1 ) in the deep west lobe are among the highest recorded in a natural aquatic ecosystem. In contrast, saline waters of the deep east lobe contain relatively little DMS (Ͻ70 nmol L Ϫ1 ) but high DMSO d (270 nmol L Ϫ1 ), with the latter being the highest observed in any natural aquatic ecosystem. We argue that the differences in the biogenic sulfur profiles between the deep waters of the two lobes arise principally from subtle differences in the redox conditions found in each lobe.The cycling of the biogenic gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), along with that of the closely related compounds dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), has received considerable attention because of the significant 1 Present address: Hollings Marine Lab, College of Charleston,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Elevated levels of dimethylated‐sulfur compounds in Lake Bonney, a poorly ventilated Antarctic lake

Lee

Priscu

DiTullio

et al. 2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…If the same correlation applies to sea ice, high levels of DMSO are expected to be found in sea ice because high levels of DMSP (up to three orders of magnitude higher than background sub-nanomolar values in seawater) are commonly observed in that environment (e.g., Kirst et al 1991;Levasseur et al 1994;DiTullio et al 1998; Trevena and Jones 2006). Only two studies have reported sea ice DMSO concentrations, which were measured in the bottom 2 cm of the ice cover in the Arctic (Lee et al 2001;Bouillon et al 2002). The levels of DMSO measured in these studies, with DMSOp concentrations ranging between 1.35 and 102 nmol L -1 (average 13.7 nmol L -1 ), were much higher than those usually found in the water column.…”

Section: Limnology and Oceanography: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The levels of DMSO measured in these studies, with DMSOp concentrations ranging between 1.35 and 102 nmol L -1 (average 13.7 nmol L -1 ), were much higher than those usually found in the water column. Bouillon et al (2002) attributed these high values to the higher biomass of ice algae found in the ice samples. In their study, Lee et al (2001) tested the hypothesis that DMSO would be biosynthesized by sea ice algae as a cryoprotectant and as an accessory pigment, which would enhance the harvesting of blue light by the algae, as proposed by Horne and McEwan (1998); however, those presumed roles could not be demonstrated.…”

Section: Limnology and Oceanography: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust approach for the determination of dimethylsulfoxide in sea ice

Brabant

Amri

Tison

2011

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The melting of sea ice samples is acknowledged to be deleterious to sympagic microorganisms due to the hypo-osmotic shock undergone by the organism when released from high salinity brine inclusions into the sample melt. Because melting of sea ice samples was also anticipated to modify the initial proportions of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), three sample treatments were tested on an Antarctic sea ice sample, with the aim of identifying an efficient procedure that could routinely be applied for the determination of DMSO in sea ice. Herein, it was demonstrated that purging the melted sample before the determination of DMSO in the sample via an enzyme-linked method produced reliable DMSO results (215.8 ± 8.9 nmol L -1 , precision 4.1%). However, analysis revealed that the unintentional enzymatic cleavage of DMSP through the subsequent production of interfering DMS during melting caused an overestimation of the DMSO content in the sample by more than 59% and concurrently an underestimation of the DMSP content by approximately 9%. The sequential determination of DMSP after the DMSO determination by the enzyme-linked method was shown to be problematic. To circumvent all of these issues, we recommend an analytical procedure for the sequential determination of DMS, DMSP, and DMSO in sea ice. Ultimately, the first depth profile of DMSO at high resolution in sea ice was produced. The depth-integrated DMSO concentration in sea ice was determined to be 718 µmol m -2 , which indicated that Antarctic sea ice is a potentially important source of DMSO for the Southern Ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr.: Methods 9, 2011Methods 9, , 261-274 © 2011, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. LIMNOLOGY and OCEANOGRAPHY: METHODSthe subsequent gas phase analysis of the produced DMS via a gas chromatography procedure. Depending on the reduction method used, interference with DMSP in the sample may occur, leading to an overestimation of DMSO content (reviewed by Simó 1998).Elimination of DMSP prior to DMSO analysis (Simó et al. 1996;Simó et al. 1998) or the use of a specific reducing agent, such as DMSO reductase (DMSOr) (Hatton et al. 1994), can prevent this bias. The main motivation of studying DMSO in sea ice is that DMSO can be produced in high concentrations by ice algae, because of the potential role of DMSO in osmoregulation and cryoprotection (Lee et al. 2001). A good correlation between intracellular levels of DMSO (particulate DMSO or DMSOp) and DMSP (particulate DMSP or DMSPp) has been shown in data collected in various marine biomes and during different seasons. The data suggest that both compounds have a common origin in phytoplankton and that DMSP may be the precursor of DMSO (Simó and Vila-Costa 2006; Hatton and Wilson 2007). If the same correlation applies to sea ice, high levels of DMSO are expected to be found in sea ice because high levels of DMSP (up to three orders of magnitude higher than background sub-nanomolar values in seawater) are co...

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Biological and physical processes influencing sea ice, under‐ice algae, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate during spring in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

et al. 2014

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This study presents temporal variations in concentrations of chlorophyll a (Chl a), particulate and dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPp and DMSPd) in the sea ice and underlying water column in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the spring of 2010 and 2011. During both years, bottom ice Chl a, DMSPp and DMSPd concentrations were high (up to 1328 mg L 21, 15,082 nmol L 21, and 6110 nmol L 21 , respectively) in May and decreased thereafter. The release of bottom ice algae and DMSPp in the water column was gradual in 2010 and rapid (8 days) in 2011. Bottom brine drainage during the presnowmelt period in 2010 and a rapid loss of the snow cover in 2011 coinciding with rain events explain most of the difference between the 2 years. During both years, less than 13% of the DMSPd lost from the ice was detected in the water column, suggesting a rapid microbial consumption. An under-ice diatom bloom developed in both years. In 2010, the bloom was dominated by centric diatoms while in 2011 pennates dominated, likely reflecting seeding by ice algae following the faster snowmelt progression induced by rainfall events in 2011. Both under-ice blooms were associated with high DMSPp concentrations (up to 185 nmol L 21 ), but pennate diatoms showed DMSPp/Chl a ratios twice higher than centrics. These results highlight the key role of snowmelt and precipitation on the temporal pattern of ice-DMSP release to the water column and on the timing, taxonomic composition, and DMSP content of phytoplankton under-ice blooms in the Arctic.

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Vernal distribution of dimethylsulphide, dimethylsulphoniopropionate, and dimethylsulphoxide in the North Water in 1998

Cited by 58 publications

References 64 publications

Elevated levels of dimethylated‐sulfur compounds in Lake Bonney, a poorly ventilated Antarctic lake

Elevated levels of dimethylated‐sulfur compounds in Lake Bonney, a poorly ventilated Antarctic lake

A robust approach for the determination of dimethylsulfoxide in sea ice

Biological and physical processes influencing sea ice, under‐ice algae, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate during spring in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

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