Verification of the Change Blindness Phenomenon While Managing Critical Events on a Combat Information Display

DiVita, Joseph; Obermayer, R. W.; Nugent, William A.; Linville, James M.

doi:10.1518/hfes.46.2.205.37340

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In fact, the participant reported that before taking part in the study, he was unaware of how often he was distracted until he started using our techniques. This finding complements research into change blindness that suggests that people are not fully aware of their inability to perceive visual changes [3,8]. Based on our study, we conjecture people may be unaware of the extent to which they get distracted by visual display changes in their environment.…”

Section: Approachsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…However, the effects of change blindness in multi-display environments have not been extensively studied in the literature. In one study, DiVita and colleagues [8] report that change blindness was a significant factor for operators managing critical events using multi-display command and control systems with unattended displays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, Bi and Balakrishnan [4] suggest further investigation of awareness of peripheral applications with large, single and dual desktop setups as a fruitful avenue for future research. However, research on change blindness in multi-display environments has shown that making users aware of changes in unattended displays is a significant challenge [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subtle gaze-dependent techniques for visualising display changes in multi-display environments

Kristensson

Quigley

2013

Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces

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This paper explores techniques for visualising display changes in multi-display environments. We present four subtle gaze-dependent techniques for visualising change on unattended displays called FreezeFrame, PixMap, WindowMap and Aura. To enable the techniques to be directly deployed to workstations, we also present a system that automatically identifies the user's eyes using computer vision and a set of web cameras mounted on the displays. An evaluation confirms this system can detect which display the user is attending to with high accuracy. We studied the efficacy of the visualisation techniques in a five-day case study with a working professional. This individual used our system eight hours per day for five consecutive days. The results of the study show that the participant found the system and the techniques useful, subtle, calm and non-intrusive. We conclude by discussing the challenges in evaluating intelligent subtle interaction techniques using traditional experimental paradigms.

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Section: Approachsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subtle gaze-dependent techniques for visualising display changes in multi-display environments

Kristensson

Quigley

2013

Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces

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“…Visual limitations have also been reported to affect the ability of people to correctly detect the presence of changes introduced between one visual scene and the next, both in laboratory settings, and under more ecologically valid conditions (showing people surprisingly failing to perform this task accurately; a phenomenon known as "change blindness"; e.g., DiVita, Obermayer, Nugent, & Linville, 2004;French, 1953;Grimes, 1996;Hochberg, 1968;Rensink, 2002;Velichkovsky, Dornhoefer, Kopf, Helmert, & Joos, 2002).…”

Section: Central Limitations Of Unimodal Information Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Body Surface as a Communication System: The State of the Art after 50 Years

Gallace

Tan

Spence

2007

Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments

105

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The suggestion that the body surface might be used as an additional means of presenting information to human-machine operators has been around in the literature for nearly 50 years. Although recent technological advances have made the possibility of using the body as a receptive surface much more realistic, the fundamental limitations on the human information processing of tactile stimuli presented across the body surface are, however, still largely unknown. This literature review provides an overview of studies that have attempted to use vibrotactile interfaces to convey information to human operators. The importance of investigating any possible central cognitive limitations (i.e., rather than the peripheral limitations, such as related to sensory masking, that were typically addressed in earlier research) on tactile processing for the most effective design of body interfaces is highlighted. The applicability of the constraints emerging from studies of tactile processing under conditions of unisensory (i.e., purely tactile) stimulus presentation, to more ecologically valid conditions of multisensory stimulation, is also discussed. Finally, the results obtained from recent studies of tactile information processing under conditions of multisensory stimulation are described, and their implications for haptic/tactile interface design elucidated. IntroductionWe chose to begin this paper with a quote from one of the first and foremost researchers to have systematically approached the problem of cutaneous communication using the body surface. The quote, dating from 1960, and the paper from which the quote was taken, nicely highlight the novel interest in the topic as well as the technological constraints limiting the study of tactile information processing across the body at the time that Frank Geldard was writing. What's more, the choice of the date for such a citation is by no means accidental, given that in 1960 a group of investigators conferred at Fort Knox, Kentucky in order to discuss the basic problems associated with any attempt to communicate through the skin (see Hawkes, 1960, for a summary of the papers presented at that symposium). Therefore, we believe that 1960 can, in some sense, be taken to represent the "symbolic" birth of the first extensive research in this field. The place of the meeting was by no means coincidental either, given the strategic importance at that time (and even today), of studying novel means of communication for both military and civilian purposes.Nearly 50 years later, technology has moved on a long way, and a new wave of interest has recently started to resurface regarding the theoretical and practical ad-

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“…Change detection has also been examined during the performance of tasks involved in important real-world work environments. For example, change blindness was demonstrated for operators of naval Combat Information Center (CIC) consoles as they performed their task of monitoring several visual displays simultaneously (Divita, Obermayer, & Nugent, 2004). Divita et al (2004) also noted that monitoring visual displays is common to real world professions in nuclear power plants, air traffic control centers, crisis response centers, and hospital emergency rooms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%