Verhaltensbasierte Regulierung (Nudging)

Reisch, Lucia A.; Sunstein, Cass R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-10926-4_19

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Those who do not abide by this social contract run the risk of being socially sanctioned or ostracized [ 115 , 116 ] while those who comply with it are socially rewarded. The underlying assumption seems to be that the willingness for cooperation is more persistent, if non-cooperative behavior can be punished [ 117 ]. The MINDSPACE principle "Norms" used observational learning via social media for the creation of new norms in the own social group (e.g., by watching others in the own social network, avoiding social gatherings, or engaging in hand hygiene) [ 40 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethics of Nudging in the COVID-19 Crisis and the Necessary Return to the Principles of Shared Decision Making: A Critical Review

Junger,

Hirsch

2024

Cureus

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Nudging, a controversial technique for modifying people's behavior in a predictable way, is claimed to preserve freedom of choice while simultaneously influencing it. Nudging had been largely confined to situations such as promoting healthy eating choices but has been employed in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis in a shift towards measures that involve significantly less choice, such as shoves and behavioral prods. Shared decision making (SDM), a method for direct involvement and autonomy, is an alternative approach to communicate risk. Predominantly peer-reviewed scientific publications from standard literature databases like PubMed, PsycInfo, and Psyndex were evaluated in a narrative review. The so-called fear nudges, as well as the dissemination of strongly emotionalizing or moralizing messages can lead to intense psycho-physical stress. The use of these nudges by specialized units during the COVID-19 pandemic generated a societal atmosphere of fear that precipitated a deterioration of the mental and physical health of the population. Major recommendations of the German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) study, which are based on elements of nudging and coercive measures, do not comply with ethical principles, basic psychological principles, or evidence-based data. SDM was misused in the COVID-19 crisis, which helped to achieve one-sided goals of governments. The emphasis on utilitarian thinking is criticized and the unethical behavior of decision makers is explained by both using the concept of moral disengagement and the maturity level of coping strategies. There should be a return to an open-ended, democratic, and pluralistic scientific debate without using nudges. It is therefore necessary to return to the origins of SDM.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethics of Nudging in the COVID-19 Crisis and the Necessary Return to the Principles of Shared Decision Making: A Critical Review

Junger,

Hirsch

2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Basierend auf den Theorien und empirischen Arbeiten der Verhaltensökonomik wurde das Konzept der Behavioural Public Policy (Oliver 2017;Shafir 2013;Thaler & Sunstein 2003) entwickelt, welches im deutschen Sprachraum meist als "Verhaltensbasierte Regulierung" (Reisch & Oehler 2009;Reisch & Sandrini 2015;Sunstein & Reisch 2016a) oder auch schlicht "Verhaltenspolitik" (Strassheim 2017) bezeichnet wird.…”

Section: Enaviunclassified

“…So genannte "Zwei-Prozesstheorien" schlagen verschiedene Modelle der Entscheidungsfindung vor, in welchen Entscheidungen in zwei unterschiedlichen idealtypischen mentalen Systemen stattfinden Bisher wurden in der ökologischen Verbraucherpolitik überwiegend Instrumente wie Informationen oder Bildung eingesetzt, die vor allem auf System 2 wirken (Reisch & Sandrini 2015). Menschen werden aber, so der Stand der Verhaltensökonomik, in vielen alltäglichen Kauf-, Investitions-und Verhaltensentscheidungssituationen mindestens ebenso durch System 1 gelenkt (Kahneman 2011;Kenning et al 2014).…”

Section: Abbildung 1 Verhaltenstendenzenunclassified