Verhalten der Gadoliniterden gegen Anilin und gegen salzsaures Anilin

The Basicity Characteristics of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Rare Earth Elements.

“…The precipitates were granular and easy to filter. Krüss and his coworkers (231,232,233,234) employed the method successfully for the partial separation of small amounts of the erbium and gadolinium earths but found it useless for large amounts of material. Kolb (221) employed aniline in aqueous solution to precipitate thorium and thus separate it from the cerium earths.…”

“…Fractional dissolution of precipitated rare earth hydroxides in aqueous solutions of aniline hydrochloride at 60°C. was recommended by Kriiss (233) as an excellent means of separating the yttrium earths, the course of the separation paralleling that of precipitation with aniline (233). The utility of this method as a means of concentrating the gadolinium, terbium, and holmium earths has been demonstrated (169,170,233,234).…”

“…was recommended by Kriiss (233) as an excellent means of separating the yttrium earths, the course of the separation paralleling that of precipitation with aniline (233). The utility of this method as a means of concentrating the gadolinium, terbium, and holmium earths has been demonstrated (169,170,233,234). Details of the procedure have been excellently summarized by Spencer (379).…”

“…As experimental evidence for the relatively high basicities of the oxides of these elements, one can cite the ease with which even the strongly ignited oxides of all but scandium dissolve in acids (66,79,250,263,285,305,416); dissolve in ammonium salt solutions with the liberation of ammonia (20,21,45,244,250,263,343); dissolve in aniline hydrochloride solutions (233); react with such hightemperature acids as ammonium salts (5,146,147,181,351,352,394,450), borax (31,154), metaphosphate (31), and alkali bisulfate (231,363) or pyrosulfate (11, 212); and absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide (114,250,263,278,285). To these can be added the comparatively high water solubilities and precipitation pH values of the hydrous oxides and hydroxides (64,65,74,167,222,297,327,361,389,398), the tendencies of at least some of the oxides to slake with water (244, 250, 278, 285), the absorption of carbon dioxide by hydrous lanthanum (12,...…”