Phosgene is a colorless, low boiling liquid which is manufactured by reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine over activated carbon. It is a very toxic substance, and extensive safety procedures and equipment have been developed to help ensure the safe handling of phosgene. Phosgene is an important and widely used intermediate for chemical synthesis. Its primary use is for the manufacture of polyisocyanates for the polyurethane industry. Other uses are the production of polycarbonate, chloroformates, agrochemicals, and intermediates for pharmaceuticals and dyestuffs. Vol. 18, pp. 645–655, 91 refs. to August 1995.