Verbal working memory and inhibition‐concentration in adults with cochlear implants

Moberly, Aaron C.; Houston, Derek M.; Harris, Michael S.; Adunka, Oliver F.; Castellanos, Irina

doi:10.1002/lio2.90

Cited by 41 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The question of whether cognitive skills might be a predictor of postoperative speech outcome has been discussed in the past with inconsistent results. 34 , 76 No correlation between preoperative cognitive abilities and postoperative speech performance in either quiet or in noise conditions was detected in our investigation, which is in contrast to the data shown by Heydebrand et al 77 or Moberly et al 78 …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Can cochlear implantation improve neurocognition in the aging population?

Völter¹,

Götze²,

Dazert³

et al. 2018

CIA

101

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IntroductionThe relationship between cognition and the ability to hear is well known. Due to changes in demographics, the number of people with sensorineural hearing loss and cognitive impairment is increasing. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of hearing rehabilitation via cochlear implantation on cognitive decline among the aging population.Patients and methodsThis prospective study included 60 subjects aged between 50 and 84 years (mean 65.8 years, SD=8.9) with a severe to profound bilateral hearing impairment. A computer-based evaluation of short- and long-term memory, processing speed, attention, working memory and inhibition was performed prior to surgery as well as 6 and 12 months after cochlear implantation. Additionally, speech perception at 65 and 80 dB (Freiburger monosyllabic speech test) as well as disease-related (Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire) and general (WHOQOL-OLD) quality of life were assessed.ResultsSix months postimplantation, speech perception, quality of life and also neurocognitive abilities significantly increased. The most remarkable improvement after 6 months was detected in executive functions such as attention (p<0.001), inhibition (p=0.025) and working memory (n-back: p=0.002; operation span task: p=0.008), followed by delayed recall (p=0.03). In contrast, long-term memory showed a significant change of performance only after 12 months (p=0.021). After 6 months, most cognitive domains remained stable, except working memory assessed by the operation span task, which significantly improved between 6 and 12 months (p<0.001). No correlation was found between cognitive results and duration of deafness, speech perception or quality of life.ConclusionCochlear implantation does not only lead to better speech perception and quality of life, but has also been shown to improve cognitive skills in hearing impaired adults aged 50 years or more. These effects seem to be independent of each other.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Can cochlear implantation improve neurocognition in the aging population?

Völter¹,

Götze²,

Dazert³

et al. 2018

CIA

101

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“…In listeners with cochlear implants, reaction times in an incongruent color Stroop task has been shown to correlate with speech recognition (Moberly, Houston, et al, 2017), which could reflect the role of inhibition in understanding speech with a cochlear implant. To test the possibility that this result will replicate in our listeners, we used the same Stroop task.…”

Section: Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial Recall Predicts Vocoded Sentence Recognition Across Spectral Resolutions

Bosen

Barry

2020

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose The goal of this study was to determine how various aspects of cognition predict speech recognition ability across different levels of speech vocoding within a single group of listeners. Method We tested the ability of young adults ( N = 32) with normal hearing to recognize Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-set (PRESTO) sentences that were degraded with a vocoder to produce different levels of spectral resolution (16, eight, and four carrier channels). Participants also completed tests of cognition (fluid intelligence, short-term memory, and attention), which were used as predictors of sentence recognition. Sentence recognition was compared across vocoder conditions, predictors were correlated with individual differences in sentence recognition, and the relationships between predictors were characterized. Results PRESTO sentence recognition performance declined with a decreasing number of vocoder channels, with no evident floor or ceiling performance in any condition. Individual ability to recognize PRESTO sentences was consistent relative to the group across vocoder conditions. Short-term memory, as measured with serial recall, was a moderate predictor of sentence recognition (ρ = 0.65). Serial recall performance was constant across vocoder conditions when measured with a digit span task. Fluid intelligence was marginally correlated with serial recall, but not sentence recognition. Attentional measures had no discernible relationship to sentence recognition and a marginal relationship with serial recall. Conclusions Verbal serial recall is a substantial predictor of vocoded sentence recognition, and this predictive relationship is independent of spectral resolution. In populations that show variable speech recognition outcomes, such as listeners with cochlear implants, it should be possible to account for the independent effects of spectral resolution and verbal serial recall in their speech recognition ability. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12021051

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“…For example, a recent study found no relation between sentence recognition in speech-shaped noise for CI users and scores on a reading span task, but strong correlations were found for an auditory listening span task of WM. 48 However, in other populations of patients with lesser degrees of hearing loss, previous reports have found reading span to be correlated with speech recognition. 23,49 In the sample of CI users tested in this study, inhibitory control abilities did not contribute substantially to speech recognition in CI users, but did partially mediate aging effects on speech recognition in NH controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

How does aging affect recognition of spectrally degraded speech?

et al. 2018

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Objectives/Hypothesis: Cochlear implants (CIs) restore auditory sensation to patients with moderate-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, the benefits to speech recognition vary considerably among patients. Advancing age contributes to this variability in postlingual adult CI users. Similarly, older individuals with normal hearing (NH) perform more poorly on tasks of recognition of spectrally degraded speech. The overarching hypothesis of this study was that the detrimental effects of advancing age on speech recognition can be attributed both to declines in auditory spectral resolution as well as declines in cognitive functions. Study Design: Case-control study. Methods: Speech recognition was assessed in CI users (in the clear) and NH controls (spectrally degraded using noise-vocoding), along with auditory spectral resolution using the Spectral–Temporally Modulated Ripple Test. Cognitive skills were assessed using nonauditory visual measures of working memory, inhibitory control, speed of lexical/phonological access, nonverbal reasoning, and perceptual closure. Linear regression models were tested for mediation to explain aging effects on speech recognition performance. Results: For both groups, older age predicted poorer sentence and word recognition. The detrimental effects of advancing age on speech recognition were partially mediated by declines in spectral resolution and in some measures of cognitive function. Conclusions: Advancing age contributes to poorer recognition of degraded speech for CI users and NH controls through declines in both auditory spectral resolution and cognitive functions. Findings suggest that improvements in spectral resolution as well as cognitive improvements may serve as therapeutic targets to optimize CI speech recognition outcomes.

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Verbal working memory and inhibition‐concentration in adults with cochlear implants

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Can cochlear implantation improve neurocognition in the aging population?

Can cochlear implantation improve neurocognition in the aging population?

Serial Recall Predicts Vocoded Sentence Recognition Across Spectral Resolutions

How does aging affect recognition of spectrally degraded speech?

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