Verbal, visual, and spatio‐sequential short‐term memory: assessment of the storage capacities of children and teenagers with Down's syndrome

Frenkel, Stéphanie; Bourdin, Béatrice

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01139.x

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is assumed that the functions should align associative and episodic memory, linguistic and social-emotional functions due to typically relating with the limbic system. Deficits of short-term and episodic memory tasks and reductions in fMRI signals on the medial temporal lobe may be related to damage to the UF [38][39][40]. The FA decrease in UF may represent an earlier stage of hippocampal damage and reflect the affected cellular integrity with functional deficits.…”

Section: Dtimentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses

et al. 2016

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Objectives To provide an initial assessment of white matter (WM) integrity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the accompanying volumetric changes in WM and grey matter (GM) through volumetric analyses of young children with Down's syndrome (DS). Methods Ten children with DS and eight healthy control subjects were included in the study. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used in the DTI study for whole-brain voxelwise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of WM. Volumetric analyses were performed with an automated segmentation method to obtain regional measurements of cortical volumes. Results Children with DS showed significantly reduced FA in association tracts of the fronto-temporo-occipital regions as well as the corpus callosum (CC) and anterior limb of the internal capsule (p < 0.05). Volumetric reductions included total cortical GM, cerebellar GM and WM volume, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem and CC in DS compared with controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion These preliminary results suggest that DTI and volumetric analyses may reflect the earliest complementary changes of the neurodevelopmental delay in children with DS and can serve as surrogate biomarkers of the specific elements of WM and GM integrity for cognitive development. Key Points• DS is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability.• WM and GM structural alterations represent the neurological features of DS.• DTI may identify the earliest aging process changes.• DTI-volumetric analyses can serve as surrogate biomarkers of neurodevelopment in DS.

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Section: Dtimentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses

et al. 2016

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“…However, these problems may not be in the same dimension for all DS individuals. There is now a reasonable body of evidence indicating that the difficulties just described may be associated with the level of intellectual deficit (Conners et al 2008;Frenkel and Bourdin 2010;Edgin et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A note on motor skill acquisition in mild and moderate Down syndrome individuals

Giménez¹,

Marquezi²,

Filho

et al. 2017

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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This study investigated the acquisition of a serial motor skill in individuals with Down syndrome with two levels of handicap, mild group (mean age = 14.5 years, SD = 2.3, 7 individuals) and moderate group (mean age = 15.2 years, SD = 3.2, 7 individuals). The task involved single-arm sequential movements to five. The measures to access performance were overall sequence error, reaction time, and total movement time. To evaluate action program, formation variability of sequencing and relative timing variability were considered. Although there was no clear practice effect, the results showed that the level of handicap led to different strategies to plan and control the actions. The moderate group presented a less stable action program expressed in the variability in sequencing and timing. Their longer reaction times also suggest a heavy demand on central processing in accord with the onetarget advantage hypothesis and also due to memory deficits to select and plan movements.

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“…Difficulties with verbal short term memory have been linked to problems forming accurate phonological representations, and studies have consistently shown that children with DS experience a selective impairment to verbal short term memory (e.g. Laws, 2002;Baddeley and Jarrold, 2007;Frenkel and Bourdin, 2009). As information must be processed in short term memory before its long term representation can be assembled and stored (Gathercole and Baddeley, 1993), a deficit in short term memory could lead to incomplete or inaccurate long term phonological representations of words.…”

Section: Speech Production In Children Wih Ds /mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laws, 2002;Baddeley and Jarrold, 2007;Frenkel and Bourdin, 2009). In order to benefit from these strong visual memory skills, whilst minimising the role of verbal short term memory, reading has been promoted as an intervention for speech difficulties in children with DS.…”

Section: Speech Production In Children Wih Ds /mentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech production in children with Down's syndrome: The effects of reading, naming and imitation

Knight

Kurtz

Georgiadou

2015

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractPeople with DS are known to have difficulties with expressive language, and often have difficulties with intelligibility. They often have stronger visual than verbal short-term memory skills and therefore, reading has often been suggested as an intervention for speech and language in this population. However, there is as yet no firm evidence that reading can improve speech outcomes. This study aimed to compare reading, picture naming and repetition for the same 10 words, to identify if the speech of 8 children with DS (aged 11-14 years) was more accurate, consistent and intelligible when reading. Results show that children were slightly, yet significantly, more accurate and intelligible when they read words compared to when they produced those words in naming or imitation conditions although the reduction in inconsistency was non-significant. The results of this small scale study provide tentative support for previous claims about the benefits of reading for children with DS. The mechanisms behind a facilitatory effect of reading are considered, and directions are identified for future research.

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Verbal, visual, and spatio‐sequential short‐term memory: assessment of the storage capacities of children and teenagers with Down's syndrome

Abstract: Individuals with Down's syndrome exhibited a distinctive pattern of memory performance, in addition to their developmental specificities.

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses

Structural brain alterations of Down’s syndrome in early childhood evaluation by DTI and volumetric analyses

A note on motor skill acquisition in mild and moderate Down syndrome individuals

Speech production in children with Down's syndrome: The effects of reading, naming and imitation

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