Verbal processes in shape recognition.

Price, Richard H.; Slive, Arnold

doi:10.1037/h0028847

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These results confirm the interpretation proposed by Price and Slive (1970) that the major effect of label relevance is to increase the probability that the representation found in the recognition phase will match the representation found previously in the learning phase. It should be assumed that the effect of the label on memory for the shape was dependent on the strength of the representation of the shape.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The other explanation emphasizes the role of the label as a mediator of shape recognition at the time of the memory test. Thus, Price and Slive (1970) extended the verbal-loop hypothesis (Glanzer & Clark, 1962, 1964 that the relationship between This research was supported by a grant in aid for encouragement of young scientists from the Japanese Ministry of Education.…”

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confidence: 86%

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Nature of discriminating and categorizing functions of verbal labels on recognition memory for shape.

Nagae

1980

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory

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The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the hypothesis that the discriminating and categorizing functions of a label associated with an ambiguous shape can differentially influence delayed recognition memory for the shape. The temporal course of shape recognition was measured after the subjects were trained to associate the shapes with relevant verbal labels, irrelevant verbal labels, or no verbal labels. Either immediately or after delays of 15 min or 1 wk, subjects were given a shape recognition test and both freeand aided-recall tests for retention of the associated verbal labels. Results indicated that relevant verbal labels differentially affect memory for shape and that the discriminating function of the label operates effectively at the time of stimulus encoding. The categorizing function of the label affects the changes occurring during the storage stage of memory. These results are interpreted as supporting the view that the courses of shape recognition and relevant label recall are not independent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Nature of discriminating and categorizing functions of verbal labels on recognition memory for shape.

Nagae

1980

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory

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“…The above finding for Experiments 1 and 2 corroborated the results of those studies that established positive effects of verbal encoding upon recognition memory for shapes (Clark, 1965;Daniel & Ellis, 1972;Ellis & Daniel, 1971;Ellis & Homan, 1968;Ellis & Muller, 1964;Federico & Montague, 1975;Kelly & Martin, 1974 ;Price & Slive, 1970;Ranken, 1963;Santa & Ranken, 1972). It seemed that this verbal encoding effect could be attributed primarily to processes occurring during the acquisition phase of the recognition task.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Several studies exploring the effects of distinctive verbal encoding on recognition memory for shapes have yielded inconsistent results. The effects of verbal encoding on recognition memory for shapes have been both negative (Bahrick & Boucher, 1968;Hake & Eriksen, 1956;Prentice , 1954 ;Santa & Ranken, 1968;Vanderplas & Garvin, 1959b) and positive (Clark, 1965 ;Daniel & Ellis, 1972;Ellis & Daniel, 1971;Ellis & Homan , 1968;Ellis& Muller, 1964;Federico & Montague, 1975;Kelly & Martin, 1974 ;Price & Slive, 1970 ;Ranken , 1963 ;Santa & Ranken, 1972).…”

Section: Navy Personnel Research and Development Center San Diego Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some effects of encoding, codability, and exposure upon recognition memory

Federico

1980

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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The primary purpose of this research was to investigate whether verbal and imaginal encoding interact with stimulus codability and exposure either to enhance or to retard recognition memory for shapes. The secondary purpose was to test the conceptual coding hypothesis (Ellis, 1972). Two multivariate factorial experiments were conducted. In the first study, encoding was a between-groups factor; in the second study, encoding was a within-subjects factor. The other within-subjects factors investigated in both experiments were codability, encoding exposure , and recognition exposure. It was found that the interaction of encoding and codability was significant. The conceptual coding hypothesis was somewhat substantiated by these results.

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“…Therefore, these items may be very good retrieval cues for the labels presented during the study phase and very little remembered information may be required to produce a false positive response. Price and Slive (1970) argued that recognition of visual information is mediated by recall of an association at the time of test. According to their view, the effect of verbal labeling of visual stimuli may operate during the recognition memory test itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biasing effect of verbal labels on memory for ambiguous figures in patients with progressive dementia

Ostergaard

Heindel

Paulsen

1995

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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This experiment investigated the effects of verbal labels on recognition memory for ambiguous visual figures in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with Huntington's disease (HD), and matched normal control subjects. The study employed ambiguous figures that could be interpreted in two different ways. During the study phase each figure was presented together with a verbal label that corresponded to one interpretation of the figure. After a 30-min retention interval a recognition memory test was given during which the study figures and distractor figures were presented one at a time without verbal labels. For each study figure two distractor figures were employed, each corresponding to a different interpretation of the study figure. The patients' overall recognition memory performance was severely impaired compared to control subjects. However, all subject groups tended to produce responses and response latencies to distractor items that were consistent with the verbal labels presented during the study phase. This bias effect occurred in the AD patients despite the fact that their recognition memory performance was at chance level. Indeed, there was no significant difference in the bias evidenced by the AD and HD patients and their respective matched control subjects. The bias effects were obtained in an explicit memory task, and the findings are discussed in terms of unconscious influences on explicit memory processes. (JINS, 1995, I, 271–280.)

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Verbal processes in shape recognition.

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Nature of discriminating and categorizing functions of verbal labels on recognition memory for shape.

Nature of discriminating and categorizing functions of verbal labels on recognition memory for shape.

Some effects of encoding, codability, and exposure upon recognition memory

The biasing effect of verbal labels on memory for ambiguous figures in patients with progressive dementia

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