Verbal paired associate learning in schizophrenia, schizophreniform psychosis and ‘at risk’ mental state

Pantelis, C.; Wood, Stephen J.; Tarnawski, A.; Proffitt, Tina-Marie; Francey, Shona; Brewer, Warrick J.; Phillips, Leslie; Savage, Geo. H.; Smith, D.; Anderson, V.; McGorry, Patrick

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(03)80979-9

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Instead, it appears that these abnormalities arise during the emerging psychotic state. This model is in accord with our preliminary data indicating that medial temporal function (verbal paired associate memory) is also unimpaired in the UHR cohort (Pantelis et al 2003 b ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in First Episode Psychosis and Ultra High-Risk Individuals

Wood¹,

Berger²,

Velakoulis³

et al. 2003

Schizophrenia Bulletin

Self Cite

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The underlying neurobiology of emerging psychotic disorders is not well understood. Recent neuroimaging findings have suggested that some brain areas are affected prior to the onset of psychosis, while changes occur in other brain regions during the transition to illness. Further, previous research using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has generally demonstrated that there are changes to the brain chemistry of patients with schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether these changes are present prior to or at the onset of the disorder, and to what extent they are specific to schizophrenia. In this study, we assessed the left medial temporal and left dorsolateral prefrontal regions of 56 patients in their first episode of a psychotic disorder, 30 young people at ultra high-risk (UHR) of developing psychosis, and 21 healthy controls, using proton MRS. Six of the UHR group developed a first episode psychosis over the study period. No differences were identified between the first episode and control groups for any metabolite ratio in either region of interest. This may reflect intact neuronal circuits in the early phase of psychotic disorders. There were also no differences between the UHR and control groups for the medial temporal region. However, there was a significant elevation of the NAA/Creatine and the Choline/Creatine ratios in the dorsolateral prefrontal region of the UHR group, which was interpreted as a decline in creatine indicative of hypometabolism. This finding did not discriminate between those UHR individuals who later became psychotic and those who did not.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in First Episode Psychosis and Ultra High-Risk Individuals

Wood¹,

Berger²,

Velakoulis³

et al. 2003

Schizophrenia Bulletin

Self Cite

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Deficits in olfactory function are also found specifically in those developing schizophrenia (Brewer et al , 2003). In contrast, preliminary findings indicate that some other aspects of memory are not impaired (Pantelis et al , 2003 b ). These data, taken together with findings in patients with first-episode and chronic psychosis using the same tasks, provide further evidence that particular domains of function are differentially impaired, and raise the possibility that other domains may only become apparent as the illness develops a more chronic course.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neurobiology of early psychosis

Keshavan

Berger²,

Zipursky³

et al. 2005

Br J Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, it is possible that in such individuals with compromised PFC functioning and consequent aberrant activity in the hippocampus, the increased working memory demands of adolescence may place a heightened burden on the hippocampus during this time that may contribute, along with other pathological processes described here, to hippocampal vulnerability to damage. Pantelis et al (2003) recently reported that when prepsychosis high-risk (for schizophrenia) patients were assessed before the development of active psychotic symptoms, they outperformed high-risk individuals who did not develop psychosis on a verbal paired associates test, an explicit memory task that involves the hippocampus. This finding may reflect differences in the propensity of the two groups in the level of recruitment of the hippocampus.…”

Section: Positive Feedback Model Of Stress-driven Development Of Schi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Pathology, Dopamine, and Stress: A Model for the Age of Onset of Schizophrenia Symptoms

Thompson

Pogue-Geile

Grace

2004

Schizophrenia Bulletin

129

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is unknown why the onset of schizophrenia is typically during late adolescence or early adulthood. The fact that numerous brain maturational processes normally occur during this age period has led researchers to postulate how such processes may be related to the onset of symptoms. To help elucidate the question of age of onset, we selectively review schizophrenia-associated abnormalities of dopamine and related systems, including glutamate and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems; relevant models of pathophysiology; and the systems' developmental aspects. Based on current findings and conceptualizations, a model is then proposed in which, during adolescence, interactive pathological and normal adolescence-associated processes trigger a positive feedback system that results in a rapid increase in pathology that is proposed to underlie the development of active psychotic symptoms during late adolescence or early adulthood.

show abstract

Verbal paired associate learning in schizophrenia, schizophreniform psychosis and ‘at risk’ mental state

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in First Episode Psychosis and Ultra High-Risk Individuals

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in First Episode Psychosis and Ultra High-Risk Individuals

Neurobiology of early psychosis

Developmental Pathology, Dopamine, and Stress: A Model for the Age of Onset of Schizophrenia Symptoms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About