Veratrum parviflorum: An Underexplored Source for Bioactive Steroidal Alkaloids

Abstract

Plants of the Veratrum genus have been used throughout history for their emetic properties, rheumatism, and for the treatment of high blood pressure. However, inadvertent consumption of these plants, which resemble wild ramps, induces life-threatening side effects attributable to an abundance of steroidal alkaloids. Several of the steroidal alkaloids from Veratrum spp. have been investigated for their ability to antagonize the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, a key pathway for embryonic development and cell proliferation. Uncontrolled activation of this pathway is linked to the development of various cancers; most notably, basal cell carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia. Additional investigation of Veratrum spp. may lead to the identification of novel alkaloids with the potential to serve as chemotherapeutics. V. parviflorum is a relatively uncommon species of Veratrum that resides in the southeastern regions of North America. The phytochemical profile of this plant remains largely unexplored; however, bioactive steroidal alkaloids, including cyclopamine, veratramine, veratridine, and verazine were identified in its extract. The structural elucidation and bioactivity assessment of steroidal alkaloids in lesser abundance within the extract of V. parviflorum may yield potent Hh pathway inhibitors. This review seeks to consolidate the botanical and phytochemical information regarding V. parviflorum.

Exploration of Teratogenic Effects of Bambusa vulgaris on Wistar Rats by Evaluating Morphological and Skeletal Parameters

“…reported similar effects, claiming that Jerveratrum‐type steroidal alkaloids are responsible for cyclopia. [ 53,54 ] Both test groups 3 and 4 showed a definite sign of cleft palate. In test group 4, there was an additional lack or partial production of incisor teeth.…”

Steroidal Alkaloids from the Roots of Veratrum mengtzeanum Loes. with Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities

“…Among these, steroidal alkaloids, as secondary metabolites in plants, exhibit diverse physiological and pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory [1][2][3], analgesic [4,5], antibacterial [6,7], anti-tumor [8,9], and antioxidant [10,11] effects, thus representing valuable resources for drug discovery. The Veratrum genus comprises approximately 45 species globally, including 17 in China, and holds significance within the Liliaceae family [12][13][14]. The roots and rhizomes of V. mengtzeanum Loes.…”