Verapamil as Alternative Treatment in Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars

Abstract

Hypertrophic and keloid scars represent one of the main aesthetic and functional defects in patients after trauma, surgery, or burn. There are different therapeutic approaches used for these conditions, each showing varied results. Verapamil is a selective L-type calcium channel antagonist, which is currently considered as an alternative treatment in hypertrophic and keloid scars. Verapamil reduces the production of extracellular matrix, enhances collagenase secretion, and inhibits Interleukin 6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast cell proliferation. It also reduces the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), subsequently inducing apoptosis. Verapamil is hereby proposed as an alternative and effective therapy for hypertrophic and keloid scars.