Ventilation strategies to reduce airborne transmission of viruses in classrooms: A systematic review of scientific literature

Ferrari, Stefania; Blázquez, T.; Cardelli, Riccardo; Puglisi, Giovanni; Suárez, Rafael; Mazzarella, Livio

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109366

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“… 14 In support of this aim, the paper presented here provides a synthesis of up‐to‐date scientific information on the role of (1) physical distancing, (2) masks, and (3) ventilation and air purification as critical elements in the creation of a multi‐layered prophylaxis strategy for schools and educational buildings. The work is intended to update, synthesize, and supplement previously published findings and reviews 15,16,17,18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A multi‐layered strategy for COVID ‐19 infection prophylaxis in schools: A review of the evidence for masks, distancing, and ventilation

et al. 2022

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Implications for the academic and interpersonal development of children and adolescents underpin a global political consensus to maintain in-classroom teaching during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In support of this aim, the WHO and UNICEF have called for schools around the globe to be made safer from the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Detailed guidance is needed on how this goal can be successfully implemented in a wide variety of educational settings in order to effectively mitigate impacts on the health of students, staff, their families, and society. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current scientific evidence and emerging standards in relation to the use of layered prevention strategies (involving masks, distancing, and ventilation), setting out the basis for their implementation in the school environment.In the presence of increasingly infectious SARS-Cov-2 variants, in-classroom teaching can only be safely maintained through a layered strategy combining multiple protective measures. The precise measures that are needed at any point in time depend

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A multi‐layered strategy for COVID ‐19 infection prophylaxis in schools: A review of the evidence for masks, distancing, and ventilation

et al. 2022

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“…The mechanism of airborne transmission in the built environment has been strongly recognized 17 . As consequence, it has been highly recommended to avoid poorly ventilated spaces, to increase outdoor air change rates, and to consider air distribution systems to ensure the dilution of potential viral particles in the air 18,19 . For instance, adequate ventilation mode (mechanical, natural, or combined) plays a crucial role in removing or diluting physical, chemical, and biological pollutants generated indoors and, consequently, ensuring the protection of human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 As consequence, it has been highly recommended to avoid poorly ventilated spaces, to increase outdoor air change rates, and to consider air distribution systems to ensure the dilution of potential viral particles in the air. 18,19 For instance, adequate ventilation mode (mechanical, natural, or combined) plays a crucial role in removing or diluting physical, chemical, and biological pollutants generated indoors and, consequently, ensuring the protection of human health. In that context, levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) have been used as a proxy for ventilation effectiveness when assessing ventilation conditions and occupancy in several indoor environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of ventilation conditions and airborne particulate matter levels in urban offices

et al. 2022

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Many working activities are carried out in office buildings that are located in urban areas. Several studies have shown that these workplaces are likely to present poor indoor environmental quality (IEQ) due to inadequate ventilation rates, compromised thermal comfort conditions, and/or high concentration of air pollutants, such as particulate matter. This study aimed to review ventilation conditions, based on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations, and indoor airborne particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10

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“…3. Installing and/or upgrading ventilation/air filtration in all public buildings, with schools an urgent priority over the summer holidays7;…”

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confidence: 99%

A seven point plan to suppress covid infections and reduce disruptions

SAGE¹

2022

BMJ

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Ventilation strategies to reduce airborne transmission of viruses in classrooms: A systematic review of scientific literature

Cited by 42 publications

References 96 publications

A multi‐layered strategy for COVID ‐19 infection prophylaxis in schools: A review of the evidence for masks, distancing, and ventilation

A multi‐layered strategy for COVID ‐19 infection prophylaxis in schools: A review of the evidence for masks, distancing, and ventilation

A systematic review of ventilation conditions and airborne particulate matter levels in urban offices

A seven point plan to suppress covid infections and reduce disruptions

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