Ventilation Difficulty Secondary to a Tracheal Diverticulum

Tracheal and main bronchial diverticula: the role of CT

“…Nella quasi totalità dei casi la TC, evidenziando il tramite come sottile soluzione di continuità della parete tracheale, ne ha consentito una attribuzione anatomica differenziando il diverticolo tracheale da laringoceli o diverticoli esofagei [10,11,12]. La TC può contribuire efficacemente anche alla individuazione di eventuali complicanze quali flogosi o perforazioni delle pareti, teoricamente possibili, ma non riscontrate in nessun caso descritto [13].…”

“…In almost all cases, by demonstrating the narrow communication through the tracheal wall, CT enabled anatomical characterisation and differentiation of tracheal diverticula from laryngocele or oesophageal diverticula [10,11,12]. CT may also effectively help identify complications such as wall inflammation or perforation, which are theoretically possible although they have never been reported [13].…”

Management of symptomatic tracheal pouches

“…In a second group, the pouch is associated with severe tracheomalacia and airway obstruction. In the final group acute airway obstruction may occur if the tip of an endotracheal tube or tracheotomy tube is displaced into the pouch [5,6]. An individual child may have symptoms in more than one category, and placement of a long tracheotomy tube to bypass an area of severe tracheomalacia due to a tracheal pouch also risks displacement of the tip of the tube into the pouch, particularly during tracheotomy tube change.…”

Acquired tracheal diverticulum following repair of tracheo-oesophageal fistula: Endoscopic management

“…This has been attributed to vagus injury and distention of proximal oesophagus during deglutition [2]. Tracheal diverticula are thought to be rare, but our literature review found multiple case reports [1,2,5,8,9] of diverticula following repair of oesophageal atresia and TOF. When present, tracheal diverticula are usually found in the posterior and lateral tracheal wall [5].…”