Ventilation and Expired Gas Composition in the Flamingo, Phoenicopterus ruber, during Normal Respiration and Panting

Bech, Claus; Johansen, Kjell; Maloiy, Gmo

doi:10.1086/physzool.52.3.30155753

Cited by 57 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Hence the increased ventilation volumes during thermal panting almost match the tracheal dead space resulting in an almost unchanged parabronchial ventilation and only a slight respiratory alkalosis. Similar findings to those described above were arrived at by Bech, Johansen & Maloiy (1979) studying phase I panting in the flamingo. At environmental temperatures of40-42 IC, VE andfrose by 3-3.5 times and 20-30 times respectively whilst VT fell to 15 % of its resting value, almost matching the tracheal dead-space.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Ventilation, Gaseous Exchange and Air Sac Gases During Moderate Thermal Panting in Domestic Fowl

Gleeson

Brackenbury

1983

Exp Physiol

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SUMMARYGaseous exchange, ventilatory pattern and gas levels within the interclavicular and abdominal air sacs of domestic fowl were monitored before, during and after periods of moderate hyperthermic panting. 02 consumption (Vo2) remained virtually unaltered and CO2 production (Vco,) Changes in gas levels within the lung-air sac system are discussed in connexion with the peripheral control of ventilation during panting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Ventilation, Gaseous Exchange and Air Sac Gases During Moderate Thermal Panting in Domestic Fowl

Gleeson

Brackenbury

1983

Exp Physiol

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“…Little penguins show a slow lung emptying throughout the whole expiratory time (Stahel & Nicol, 1988a), and the mute swan and domestic duck (Bouverot, Hill & Jammes, 1974;Bech & Johansen, 1980) hold their lungs inflated between breathing cycles, quite similarly to aquatic mammals (Mortola & Limoges, 2006;Mortola & Seguin, 2009). However, the same pattern was noted in the flamingo (Bech et al, 1979), which is not an aquatic species. In summary, it seems probable that aquatic birds have larger static lung volume, higher VT and a slow expiratory lung emptying similarly to aquatic mammals.…”

Section: The Allometric Curvessupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The ambient temperatures during the measurements were in all cases much below the values known to stimulate panting (e.g. Schmidt-Nielsen et al, 1969;Bech, Johansen & Maloiy, 1979;Prange et al, 1985;Maloney & Dawson, Po0.05 from equation (7). 1994).…”

Section: Animals and Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Resting breathing frequency in aquatic birds: a comparative analysis with terrestrial species

Mortola

Seguin²

2009

Journal of Zoology

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Several studies have indicated that in birds breathing frequency (f, breaths min À1 ) scales to the À1/3 of body weight (W, kg); this is different from the À1/4 of mammals. We wondered if this discrepancy was due to the peculiar scaling pattern of aquatic birds, as is the case of aquatic mammals. In fact, we had noted previously that the allometric scaling of f differs considerably between aquatic and terrestrial mammals, respectively, W À0.42 and W À0.25 . Measurements of f were obtained in 48 aquatic birds of 22 species and in 35 terrestrial birds of 27 species, during resting conditions on land. Additional data from 11 aquatic and 14 terrestrial species, different from the ones measured, were obtained from the literature. The allometric curve of all species combined (terrestrial and aquatic, n = 74) was f= 13.3W À0.36 , similar to what is reported in previous studies. However, the allometric curve of the aquatic species (n = 33, f = 14.5W À0.56 ) differed greatly (Po0.001) from that of the terrestrial species (n = 41, f = 13.4W À0.26 ). On average, f of aquatic birds of the 3-5 kg range was 63%, and that of birds of larger size was 57%, of the values of terrestrial birds of similar W. We conclude that, as in mammals, also in terrestrial birds f scales to the À1/4 exponent of W. The similarity of the scaling patterns of f between aquatic birds and mammals suggests a common breathing adaptation to life in the aquatic environment irrespective of phylogenetic relations.

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“…Smith, 1972). Typically, studies of this type require that the experimental subjects be restrained (Bech et al, 1972;Keijer and Butler, 1982) or at least in captivity (Lasiewski, 1972). Given the stress experienced by these experimental subjects (Le Maho et al, 1992) and the attendant physiological complications (Axelrod and Reisine, 1984), care must be exercised in interpreting the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of respiration in diving penguins: is the last gasp an inspired tactic?

Wilson¹,

Simeone²,

Luna‐Jorquera

et al. 2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYHumboldt penguins Spheniscus humboldti in captivity and free-living Magellanic penguins S. magellanicus were fitted with loggers to determine beak angles during breathing. The Humboldt penguins were also fitted with masks for determining rates of air flow during breathing. During periods of higher gas exchange requirement, Humboldt penguins opened their beaks during inspiration, where tidal volume was linearly correlated with both change in beak angle and maximum beak angle, closed them slightly during the final stages of inspiration and finally closed them during expiration. Substantial differences were apparent between individuals. Contrary to the condition proposed for most birds, our data suggest that expiration is passive during periods of high respiratory tidal volumes, and that the increased resistance of the respiratory pathway serves to slow air flow so as to maximize gas exchange in the lungs. During foraging, Magellanic penguins at the surface between dives showed similar breathing patterns but maximum beak angles were much higher and breath cycle time shorter, as would be expected for animals attempting to maximize gas exchange. Both maximum beak angle per breath and breath frequency changed systematically over the surface pause; both were initially high, then decreased to a low before rising again to a maximum just before diving. Based on known changes in tidal volume with beak angle derived from Humboldt penguins, a simple model is proposed to examine rates of gas exchange over the surface pause. This indicates that the observed patterns do not maximize the rate of transfer of oxygen over the whole of the surface pause but are rather concerned with an initial rapid accumulation of oxygen in the tissues followed by effective carbon dioxide release.

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Ventilation and Expired Gas Composition in the Flamingo, Phoenicopterus ruber, during Normal Respiration and Panting

Cited by 57 publications

References 15 publications

Ventilation, Gaseous Exchange and Air Sac Gases During Moderate Thermal Panting in Domestic Fowl

Ventilation, Gaseous Exchange and Air Sac Gases During Moderate Thermal Panting in Domestic Fowl

Resting breathing frequency in aquatic birds: a comparative analysis with terrestrial species

Patterns of respiration in diving penguins: is the last gasp an inspired tactic?

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