Ventilação não invasiva na prática clínica de um hospital terciário de grande porte: características demográficas, clínicas de fatores relacionados ao desfecho de pacientes internados em UTI

Abstract

CONTEXT: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been widely used in clinical practice in order to treat acute or chronic respiratory failure. OBJECTIVE: To observe the routine use of NIV and estimate the outcomes of this population. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of consecutively admitted patients in 10 ICUs of a large public university affiliated hospital. Over a 9 months period, we studied all patients with age ≥ 18 years, submitted to NIV during ICU stay. RESULTS: A total of 392 patients were included in this study. The mean (SD) age was 56(19) years, and 55% were males. The mean (SD) SAPS II Score was 36 (14). NIV indications were: post extubation (44%), acute respiratory failure (ARF)(27%), and chest physiotherapy (18%). The mean IPAP and EPAP at the last day of NIV was 14 cmH 2 O and 8.8 cmH 2 O respectively. The full face mask was used in 93% of cases, only 6% used total face mask. The incidence of pneumonia was 5%. The NIV failure rate was 35%, ICU mortality rate 25% and the median ICU stay 10 days. CONCLUSIONS: NIV can be successful in selected patients. Many factors were associated to NIV failure: age, and SAPS II, IPAP, EPAP and FiO2 values at the last day of NIV and presence of cough and the need for tracheal aspiration. Mortality rate and ICU length of stay were higher in NIV failure group.