Venous thromboembolism in patients hospitalized for hip joint replacement surgery

Recommendations from the ICM-VTE: General

“…In view of the wealth of national registry-based studies with large cohorts undergoing primary major joint replacements, fracture surgeries and orthopaedic tumor surgeries, there is ample evidence demonstrating an association between increasing age and a higher risk of VTE after orthopaedic surgery 66-82,84,89-92,95,101 . This association was stronger for patients who underwent THA 66-82 compared to TKA 78-80 .…”

“…A nationwide population-based cohort study in China reported that the risk of developing DVT was 2.49-fold in patients with chronic osteomyelitis compared with the comparative group after adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities 239 . Perioperative infections were associated with a higher risk for VTE in patients who received total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) 240,241 .…”

“…In view of the wealth of national registry-based studies with large cohorts undergoing primary major joint replacements, fracture surgeries and orthopaedic tumor surgeries, there is ample evidence demonstrating an association between increasing age and a higher risk of VTE after orthopaedic surgery 66-82,84,89-92,95,101 . This association was stronger for patients who underwent THA 66-82 compared to TKA 78-80 . Although a patient’s age seems to be a weaker risk factor compared to other VTE risk factors (e.g., immobilization), it should be recognized that the prevalence of important concomitant VTE risk factors (e.g., malignancy) also increases with advanced age 64,65,69,71,75,103 .…”

Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with Paralysis and Deep Venous Thrombosis

“…Other studies reported that without VTE prophylaxis, approximately 50-75% of stroke patients with hemiplegia or paralysis develop DVT [1,5,6]. Thus, VTE is a common complication in spinal cord injury and stroke with resulting paresis [3,5,[7][8][9][10][11]36]. Among traumatic injuries, traumatic spine injuries of the spinal cord and/or the cauda equina are connected with the highest VTE risk [36].…”

“…Paralysis is categorized as a moderate to strong risk factor for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].It has been estimated that the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in paralysis and stroke patients exceeds even the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in patients with general surgeries, and might be similar to the high rates occurring after hip and knee joint arthroplasty [1,3,[5][6][7]10,11].…”