Venous Thromboembolic Disease in COVID-19, Pathophysiology, Therapy and Prophylaxis

Dybowska, Małgorzata; Wyrostkiewicz, Dorota; Opoka, Lucyna; Lewandowska, Katarzyna; Sobiecka, Małgorzata; Tomkowski, Witold; Szturmowicz, Monika

doi:10.3390/ijms231810372

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Whereas the dispensation of vitamin K antagonists and antiplatelet agents did not further increase in the post-COVID period after the first semester, the opposite was true for heparins (B01AB) and particularly for direct oral anticoagulants (B01AF). It is likely that the prescription and dispensation of these drugs was initially meant to continue antithrombotic agents and particularly anticoagulants to control the risk of venous thromboembolism observed in the acute phase of COVID-19 [ 19 ]. Irrespective of whether or not these drugs were appropriately used at the time of acute infection (in hospital, but not at home) [ 20 , 21 ], there is no evidence nor any recommendation to continue them after recovery from COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID condition: dispensation of drugs and diagnostic tests as proxies of healthcare impact

et al. 2023

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With the goal to increase knowledge on the healthcare impact of the post-COVID-19 condition we exploited the administrative claims database of Lombardy, the largest Italian region and the first after China to be heavily hit by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in February–May 2020. We chose to employ the dispensation of drugs and diagnostic tests as proxies of the impact of the post-COVID condition in 46,574 cases who recovered from COVID-19 and were negative at PCR testing within June 20, 2020. Data were obtained throughout the 18-month post-negativization period until December 2021 and results on the use of drugs and diagnostic tests were compared with those accrued in the same cases during the pre-COVID period in July–December 2019. After an increase in the first semester after SARS-CoV-2 negativization (July–December 2020), trends in the dispensation of drugs according to the broad ATC classes and of diagnostic tests decreased or remained substantially stable. However, dispensation of drugs for acid related disorders (A02), diabetes (A10), heparins (B01AB), direct oral anticoagulants (B01AP), antipsychotics (N05A), antidepressants (N06A) and for obstructive airways diseases (R03) was still higher than in the pre-COVID period. These findings, based upon drug and diagnostic test dispensation as proxies of the healthcare impact of the post-COVID condition, show that in a substantial proportion of recovered cases the post-COVID condition is active and clinically relevant 18 months after the acute disease. The findings also provide indirect evidence of the body organs and systems more compromised in the post-COVID period. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11739-023-03228-5.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID condition: dispensation of drugs and diagnostic tests as proxies of healthcare impact

et al. 2023

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“…Studies on this subject have stated that although coagulation-related complications are observed primarily in the lungs, heart, kidneys, and brain in COVID-19, the frequency of arterial and venous thromboembolic events increases throughout the body. These studies reported that the risk of ICU admission, morbidity, and mortality increased with thromboembolic events [23][24][25]. Cheng NM et al in their review study, in which they evaluated 68 publications, reported that the incidence of thromboembolic events increased in severe cases, pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were the most common forms, and D-dimer was an independent risk factor for thromboembolic events [26].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Can serum interleukin 34 levels be used as an indicator for the prediction and prognosis of COVID-19?

Karahan,

Bolayir,

Bolayir

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Objective Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a molecule whose expression is increased in conditions such as autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and infections. Our study aims to determine the role of IL-34 in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). Method A total of 80 cases were included in the study as 40 COVID-19 positive patient groups and 40 COVID-19 negative control groups. The COVID-19-positive group consisted of 20 intensive-care unit (ICU) patients and 20 outpatients. Serum IL-34, c-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, D-dimer, troponin I, hemogram, and biochemical parameters of the cases were studied and compared between groups. Results IL-34 levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19-positive group than in the negative group. IL-34 levels increased in correlation with CRP in predicting the diagnosis of COVID-19. IL-34 levels higher than 31.75 pg/m predicted a diagnosis of COVID-19. IL-34 levels did not differ between the outpatient and ICU groups in COVID-19-positive patients. IL-34 levels were also not different between those with and without lung involvement. Conclusion While IL-34 levels increased in COVID-19-positive patients and were successful in predicting the diagnosis of COVID-19, it was not found to be significant in determining lung involvement, risk of intensive care hospitalization, and prognosis. The role of IL-34 in COVID-19 deserves further evaluation.

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“…Endothelial cell damage following SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to disruption of physiologic anticoagulant function and development of a more procoagulant and pro-thrombotic phenotype [ 62 ]. SARS-CoV-2 destroys the endothelium and leads to cell apoptosis, which causes overexpression of coagulation factors VII, VIII and TF, and release of von Willebrand factor, activating intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways [ 63 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 and Venous Thrombosis: Pathogenetic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnosed VTE is treated according to the general guidelines. There is no consensus on the duration of therapy (3–6 or even 12 months) [ 88 ].…”

Section: Venous Thrombosis During Covid-19 In the General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease

Del Vecchio,

Balafa,

Dounousi

et al. 2023

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

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Millions of people worldwide have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Affected patients are at high risk for cardiovascular disease for several reasons. Among various comorbidities, CKD is associated with the more severe forms of SARS-Cov-2 infection. This is particularly true for patients receiving dialysis or for kidney recipients. From the start of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, several cardiovascular complications have been observed in affected subjects, spanning through acute inflammatory manifestations, cardiovascular events, thrombotic episodes and arrythmias. Several pathogenetic mechanisms have been hypothesized, including direct cytopathic viral effects on the myocardium, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability. This spectrum of disease can occur during the acute phase of the infection, but also after months from recovery. This review is focussed on the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 with particular interest to their implications for the CKD population.

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Venous Thromboembolic Disease in COVID-19, Pathophysiology, Therapy and Prophylaxis

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Post-COVID condition: dispensation of drugs and diagnostic tests as proxies of healthcare impact

Post-COVID condition: dispensation of drugs and diagnostic tests as proxies of healthcare impact

Can serum interleukin 34 levels be used as an indicator for the prediction and prognosis of COVID-19?

COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease

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