VENOM FROM THE ECTOPARASITIC WASP <i>Habrobracon hebetor</i> ACTIVATES CALCIUM‐DEPENDENT DEGRADATION OF <i>Galleria mellonella</i> LARVAL HEMOCYTES

Kryukova, Natalia A.; Chertkova, Еkaterina А.; Semenova, Alexandra; Glazachev, Yuri I.; Slepneva, Irina A.; Глупов, В. В.

doi:10.1002/arch.21247

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The venom of H. hebetor inhibits host systems associated with the antimicrobial response (Kryukova et al ., , ). In particular, a sharp decrease in both encapsulation and phenoloxidase activity in the hemolymph was registered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a few studies have investigated the physiological relationships between ectoparasitoids and hosts. The toxins in ectoparasitoid venom can lead to the permanent paralysis of hosts, prevention of their molting, and inhibition of immunity (Beckage & Gelman, ; Pennacchio & Strand, ; Kryukova et al ., , ). The components of the venom basically target the 2 major host defense cascades: the phenoloxidase (PO) cascade and the coagulation cascade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We attempted to answer the following question: what are the basic reasons for the change in susceptibility of envenomated insects to entomopathogenic fungi? We previously reported that the venom of the H. hebetor has an immunosuppressive effect on the wax moth G. mellonella larvae (Kryukova et al ., , ). In particular, the inhibition of the encapsulation and phenoloxidase activity in the hemolymph of the wax moth has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Passive vectoring of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana among the wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor females

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Females of the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor attack and envenomate numerous host individuals during oviposition. The vectoring of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana during the adhesion stage by ectoparasitoid females among the wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella was explored under laboratory conditions. Vectoring occurred both from infected parasitoids to wax moth larvae and from infected to healthy wax moth larvae by parasitoids. The efficacy of vectoring in both cases was dose dependent. Parasitoid females were unable to recognize infected larvae in a labyrinth test. In addition, the presence of H. hebetor females significantly (1.5-13 fold) increased the mycoses level in clusters of G. mellonella, with 40% of the larvae infected with fungal conidia. Envenomation by H. hebetor increased conidia germination on the cuticles of the wax moth larvae by 4.4 fold. An enhanced germination rate (2 fold) was registered in the n-hexane epicuticular extract of envenomated larvae compared to that of healthy larvae. Both envenomation and mycoses enhanced the phenoloxidase (PO) activity in the integument of G. mellonella and, in contrast, decreased the encapsulation rate in hemolymphs. We hypothesize that changes in the integument property and inhibition of cellular immunity provide the highest infection efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi with H. hebetor.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Passive vectoring of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana among the wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor females

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The paralysis of hosts is caused by the disruption of glutamatergic receptors on presynaptic membranes 31 . In addition, envenomation leads to a dramatic decrease in both cellular and humoral immunity in hosts, specifically in the wax moth 32,33 . Importantly, H. hebetor females paralyze many host individuals, and parasitoid larvae do not completely consume their hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitoid envenomation alters the Galleria mellonella midgut microbiota and immunity, thereby promoting fungal infection

Polenogova

Kabilov

Tyurin

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gut bacteria influence the development of different pathologies caused by bacteria, fungi and parasitoids in insects. Wax moth larvae became more susceptible to fungal infections after envenomation by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor . In addition, spontaneous bacterioses occurred more often in envenomated larvae. We analyzed alterations in the midgut microbiota and immunity of the wax moth in response to H. hebetor envenomation and topical fungal infection ( Beauveria bassiana ) alone or in combination using 16S rRNA sequencing, an analysis of cultivable bacteria and a qPCR analysis of immunity- and stress-related genes. Envenomation led to a predominance shift from enterococci to enterobacteria, an increase in CFUs and the upregulation of AMPs in wax moth midguts. Furthermore, mycosis nonsignificantly increased the abundance of enterobacteria and the expression of AMPs in the midgut. Combined treatment led to a significant increase in the abundance of Serratia and a greater upregulation of gloverin. The oral administration of predominant bacteria ( Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter sp. and Serratia marcescens ) to wax moth larvae synergistically increased fungal susceptibility. Thus, the activation of midgut immunity might prevent the bacterial decomposition of envenomated larvae, thus permitting the development of fungal infections. Moreover, changes in the midgut bacterial community may promote fungal killing.

show abstract

“…After a 2-week exposure to acidified seawater, three individuals from each pH level were selected for fluorescence staining of F-actin using Rhodamine Phalloidin ( amanita phalloides , Cytoskeleton, Inc., #PHDR1) following the provided protocol and the method described by Kryukova et al (2015) . Briefly, the hemocytes were obtained as described above and then washed with PBS, followed by fixation with glutaraldehyde for 10 min at room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Acidification Affects the Cytoskeleton, Lysozymes, and Nitric Oxide of Hemocytes: A Possible Explanation for the Hampered Phagocytosis in Blood Clams, Tegillarca granosa

Rong

Zha

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An enormous amount of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) has been dissolved into the ocean, leading to a lower pH and changes in the chemical properties of seawater, which has been termed ocean acidification (OA). The impacts of pCO2-driven acidification on immunity have been revealed recently in various marine organisms. However, the mechanism causing the reduction in phagocytosis still remains unclear. Therefore, the impacts of pCO2-driven OA at present and near-future levels (pH values of 8.1, 7.8, and 7.4) on the rate of phagocytosis, the abundance of cytoskeleton components, the levels of nitric oxide (NO), and the concentration and activity of lysozymes (LZM) of hemocytes were investigated in a commercial bivalve species, the blood clam (Tegillarca granosa). In addition, the effects of OA on the expression of genes regulating actin skeleton and nitric oxide synthesis 2 (NOS2) were also analyzed. The results obtained showed that the phagocytic rate, cytoskeleton component abundance, concentration and activity of LZM of hemocytes were all significantly reduced after a 2-week exposure to the future OA scenario of a pH of 7.4. On the contrary, a remarkable increase in the concentration of NO compared to that of the control was detected in clams exposed to OA. Furthermore, the expression of genes regulating the actin cytoskeleton and NOS were significantly up-regulated after OA exposure. Though the mechanism causing phagocytosis seemed to be complicated based on the results obtained in the present study and those reported previously, our results suggested that OA may reduce the phagocytosis of hemocytes by (1) decreasing the abundance of cytoskeleton components and therefore hampering the cytoskeleton-mediated process of engulfment, (2) reducing the concentration and activity of LZM and therefore constraining the degradation of the engulfed pathogen through an oxygen-independent pathway, and (3) inducing the production of NO, which may negatively regulate immune responses.

show abstract

VENOM FROM THE ECTOPARASITIC WASP Habrobracon hebetor ACTIVATES CALCIUM‐DEPENDENT DEGRADATION OF Galleria mellonella LARVAL HEMOCYTES

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Passive vectoring of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana among the wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor females

Passive vectoring of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana among the wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor females

Parasitoid envenomation alters the Galleria mellonella midgut microbiota and immunity, thereby promoting fungal infection

Ocean Acidification Affects the Cytoskeleton, Lysozymes, and Nitric Oxide of Hemocytes: A Possible Explanation for the Hampered Phagocytosis in Blood Clams, Tegillarca granosa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About