Veno-Occlusive Disease: A Life-Saving Novel Approach With Plasma Exchange, IVIG, and Steroid, Without Defibrotide

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is a critical medical emergency with a high mortality rate of up to 90% if not promptly treated. Defibrotide is the only approved medication for VOD treatment, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and anti-ischemic properties. This report presents a case of severe VOD in a patient undergoing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. Case Presentation: We describe the successful and rapid treatment of severe VOD in an ALL patient using therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and methylprednisolone (MPZ). The patient showed significant clinical and laboratory improvement after this combined therapeutic approach. Conclusion: This case highlights the effectiveness of TPE, IVIG, and MPZ in the treatment of severe VOD in ALL patients, providing insights into alternative therapeutic strategies in the absence of Defibrotide.