Venation and Senescence of Polyembryonic Citrus Plants

Ensign, M. R.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1919.tb05546.x

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…On the lower side of the leaf, the midrib projects considerably and the major lateral veins slightly. Whether a correlation between size of vein islets and leaf maturity found by Ensign (16) in Citrus grandis also occurs in this species has not been determined. In section, two collateral vascular bundles are seen to pass through the central portion of the midrib (plate 7, fig.…”

Section: Healthy Leavesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative histology of healthy and psorosis-affected tissues ofCitrus sinensis

Webber¹,

Fawcett²

1935

Hilg

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Section: Healthy Leavesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative histology of healthy and psorosis-affected tissues ofCitrus sinensis

Webber¹,

Fawcett²

1935

Hilg

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“…Benedict Tellefsen 131 found that the size of vein islets in the leaves of Salix nigra decrease in size as the tree grows older, and that a similar relationship is maintained in the leaves of the watersprouts of young and old trees. Ensign, 52 however, found no difference of this kind in apogamous and sexually derived seedlings of Citrus grandis.…”

Section: Herzfeld and Klingermentioning

confidence: 88%

A study of the framework of the apple tree and its relation to longevity / by W.A. Ruth and Victor W. Kelley.

Kelley¹,

Ruth²

1932

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The authors have tested methods of heading with three successive plantings of nursery trees. The methods are described under each experiment. This part of the work was started in the spring of 1924 on the University farm at Urbana and has been continued up to the present time. Demonstrations and tests of the methods suggested by these experiments were started in commercial orchards in 1926 by R. S. Marsh," Extension Specialist in Horticulture. Long-time demonstrations, in which the results are watched from year to year, are in progress in thirty-two counties. Orchards in all parts of the state are included. Shallow, infertile, poorly drained clay soils, sandy soils, and various types of deeper and more fertile soils are represented. 'limiting factor' in many discussions." As might be expected, when estimates of the life of the apple tree have been made in restricted localities, the variation that has been found has usually been considerable, and there has been an equally great variation in the estimated period of productivity. Brierley 20 estimates the life of apple trees in Minnesota as 16.9 to 37.5 years, according to variety; these trees begin to bear when they are 6 or 8 years old, reach their maximum at 20, and gradually fail. According to Crane, 37 while the largest returns in New York are from orchards 40 to 55 years old, in West Virginia only 1 percent of the trees in two important counties are over 30 years old. In one of these counties the greatest profits are from trees 15 to 26 years old; in the other county trees from 15 to 22 years old are most profitable. In more mountainous regions of the state, trees are profitable at 40 to 50 years of age, and trees 75 to 100 years old can be found. At Wooster, Ohio, the behavior of an orchard, as reported by 1932] FRAMEWORK OF THE APPLE TREE 513 Ellenwood, 50 has been more constant. Yields increased from the seventeenth year, when the yields were first recorded, to the thirty-second. The varieties included were Wealthy, Oldenburg (Duchess), Transparent, Northern Spy, Jonathan, Baldwin, Rhode Island Greening, Rome, and Grimes. Yields in 1929, the thirty-seventh year from planting, were greater from all varieties except Baldwin and Oldenburg. The conclusion is drawn that in that section maximum production may be expected at 35 to 40 years from planting. OPINIONS OF ILLINOIS FRUIT GROWERS Reports of average longevity in other regions and of exceptionally long-lived trees outside of Illinois are interesting but of less significance to the Illinois grower than data concerning longevity in this state. To obtain local information the growers themselves were asked to reply to a series of questions. Information obtained in this way has an advantage over that obtained from a more exact study of a limited number of orchards in that it gives a better picture of the effect of the variety of conditions and cultural practices that occur in so extensive a territory as the state of Illinois. The questions asked were the following: How long do apple trees live ? Between what age...

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