Velocity Selection for Propagating Fronts in Superconductors

Bartolo, S. John Di; Dorsey, Alan T.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.4442

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar speeds may also be expected for field quickly applied to the sample as in our case, but the speeds we observe ex- perimentally are several orders of magnitude lower. This could be due to the dependence of vortex propagation speed on magnetic field ramp rate [40], since the theoretical model considered a very quickly changing applied field [39] while ours ramps at a finite rate.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic magneto-optical imaging of superconducting thin films

Wells

Pan

Wilson

et al. 2016

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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We present a novel method for analysis of superconducting thin films using dynamic magneto-optical imaging, revealing hallmarks of flux penetration with temporal resolution around 1 ms (in the present work) or better. This method involves investigation of transient field and dynamic current distributions, which are calculated by an inversion procedure on the Biot-Savart Law, which we show to be valid under dynamic conditions. We compare and discuss the flux front penetration speed and evolution of current distribution in high quality YBa2Cu3O${}_{7-\delta }$ thin films with that of samples deliberately damaged in such a way as to reduce critical current density without causing macroscopic damage. We present a novel method for analysis of superconducting thin films using dynamic magnetooptical imaging, revealing hallmarks of flux penetration with temporal resolution around 1 ms (in the present work) or better. This method involves investigation of transient field and dynamic current distributions, which are calculated by an inversion procedure on the Biot-Savart Law, which we show to be valid under dynamic conditions. We compare and discuss the flux front penetration speed and evolution of current distribution in high quality YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films with that of samples deliberately damaged in such a way as to reduce critical current density without causing macroscopic damage.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic magneto-optical imaging of superconducting thin films

Wells

Pan

Wilson

et al. 2016

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…Other important examples from biology include the frontal polymerization of actin (32) and microtubules (33). The FPME also arises in a variety of physical contexts, including the spreading wavefronts of superconductivity (34), the phenomenology of deep inelastic scattering in high-energy physics (35), chemical reaction fronts (36), nerve propagation (37), and flame propagation (38). There are also examples that directly pertain to self-assembly such as the wavelike replication RNA molecules initiated by a RNA ''seed'' molecule (39), virus proliferation in bacterial populations (''plaques'') (40).…”

Section: Implications Of Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagating waves of self-assembly in organosilane monolayers

Douglas

Efimenko

Fischer

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Wavefronts associated with reaction-diffusion and self-assembly processes are ubiquitous in the natural world. For example, propagating fronts arise in crystallization and diverse other thermodynamic ordering processes, in polymerization fronts involved in cell movement and division, as well as in the competitive social interactions and population dynamics of animals at much larger scales. Although it is often claimed that self-sustaining or autocatalytic front propagation is well described by mean-field ''reaction-diffusion'' or ''phase field'' ordering models, it has recently become appreciated from simulations and theoretical arguments that fluctuation effects in lower spatial dimensions can lead to appreciable deviations from the classical mean-field theory (MFT) of this type of front propagation. The present work explores these fluctuation effects in a real physical system. In particular, we consider a high-resolution near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) study of the spontaneous frontal self-assembly of organosilane (OS) molecules into self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface-energy gradients on oxidized silicon wafers. We find that these layers organize from the wafer edge as propagating wavefronts having well defined velocities. In accordance with two-dimensional simulations of this type of front propagation that take fluctuation effects into account, we find that the interfacial widths w(t) of these SAM self-assembly fronts exhibit a power-law broadening in time, w(t) Ϸ t ␤ , rather than the constant width predicted by MFT. Moreover, the observed exponent values accord rather well with previous simulation and theoretical estimates. These observations have significant implications for diverse types of ordering fronts that occur under confinement conditions in biological or materials-processing contexts.fluctuation-induced interfacial broadening ͉ frontal self-assembly ͉ mean-field Fisher-Kolmogorov equation ͉ reaction-diffusion fronts ͉ self-assembled monolayers I n the early 1990s, Chaudhury and Whitesides developed an extremely facile method of creating surface energy gradients using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) (1). Rather than using a solution as a carrier for adsorption or a rubber stamp for direct deposition of SAM molecules, these researchers simply placed a volatile fluid of organosilane (OS) molecules at the edge of a silica-covered substrate and enclosed the entire system in a container to avoid convection effects (Fig. 1). The symmetry-breaking perturbation associated with placing the source of diffusing material to the side of the wafer imparts a direction to the self-assembly of the SAM layer and leads to the spontaneous formation of a concentration gradient of OS molecules on the substrate. This gradient may be fixed into position at any point in its development by simply removing the wafer from OS exposure (2). These kinetically ''frozen'' SAM patterns are then ready for further measurements in which surface energy gradients are required.Although this method of ...

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“…Front propagation models have been applied to many physical, biological, and cross-disciplinary systems, including combustion flames [1], Taylor-Couette and Rayleigh-Bénard experiments [2], superconductors [3], viral infections [4], tumor growth [5], and human invasions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The latter application is considered in this paper, going beyond previous models by taking the role of cultural diffusion into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical cultural transmission effects on demic front propagation: Theory and application to the Neolithic transition in Europe

Fort

2011

Phys. Rev. E

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It is shown that Lotka-Volterra interaction terms are not appropriate to describe vertical cultural transmission. Appropriate interaction terms are derived and used to compute the effect of vertical cultural transmission on demic front propagation. They are also applied to a specific example, the Neolithic transition in Europe. In this example, it is found that the effect of vertical cultural transmission can be important (about 30%). On the other hand, simple models based on differential equations can lead to large errors (above 50%). Further physical, biophysical, and cross-disciplinary applications are outlined.

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Velocity Selection for Propagating Fronts in Superconductors

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Dynamic magneto-optical imaging of superconducting thin films

Dynamic magneto-optical imaging of superconducting thin films

Propagating waves of self-assembly in organosilane monolayers

Vertical cultural transmission effects on demic front propagation: Theory and application to the Neolithic transition in Europe

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