Velocity distribution and other characteristics of steady and pulsatile blood flow in fine glass tubes1

Bugliarello, George; Sevilla, Juan Carlos Rubio

doi:10.3233/bir-1970-7202

Cited by 314 publications

(155 citation statements)

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“…In addition, in glass tubes of 40 /xm in diameter no difference in velocity profile was found during pulsatile or steady flow. 8 Analysis of the present data shows that a proper line through the experimental points could only be obtained when the fits were not forced through zero velocity at the vessel wall, yielding a positive intercept of the fits with the wall. Platelet velocities could be measured as close to the wall as about 0.5 pirn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Velocity profiles of blood platelets and red blood cells flowing in arterioles of the rabbit mesentery.

Tangelder¹,

Slaaf²,

Muijtjens³

et al. 1986

Circulation Research

148

138

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Velocity profiles were determined in rabbit mesenteric arterioles (diameter 17-32 /xm). A good spatial resolution was obtained by using the blood platelets as small and natural markers of flow, providing for the first time in vivo detailed, quantitative information about the shape of the velocity profiles in micro vessels. In some experiments red blood cell velocity profiles were recorded as well. Easy detection of the cells of interest could be achieved by labelling them selectively with a fluorescent dye and visualizing them by intravital fluorescence video microscopy, using flashed illumination. Pairs of flashes were given with a short, preset time interval between both flashes, yielding in one TV picture two images of the same cell displaced over a certain distance for the given time interval. Velocity and mean radial position of cells, flowing within an optical section around the median plane of the vessel, were determined. The shape of the velocity profiles of platelets and red blood cells was similar. The profiles were flattened as compared to a parabola, both in systole and diastole. Vessel diameter did not change measurably during the cardiac cycle. As an index of the degree of blunting of the profiles, the ratio of the maximal and mean velocity of the profile was used, which is 2 for a parabola and 1 for complete plug flow. The index ranged from 1.39 to 1.54 (median 1.50), and increased with vessel diameter. Calculations showed that the blunting of the profiles cannot be explained by an influence of the finite depth of the optical section. (Circulation Research 1986;59:505-514) knowledge of the velocity profile in microvessels, i.e., the velocity distribution over the cross-sectional area of these vessels, is important for several reasons. First, adequate description of blood flow through small vessels requires information about the velocity gradients or shear rates in the fluid.1 Second, transport of cellular components in the blood is determined by both their distribution over the cross-sectional area of the vessel and the velocity profile. For instance, knowledge of the distribution of blood platelets in microvessels 2 and their velocity profile allows the calculation of the rate of platelet delivery in hemostatic plug or thrombus formation in these vessels. Third, to estimate volume flow in microvessels photometric methods are widely used, 3 employing an empirical factor derived from a model in which a parabolic velocity profile is assumed. However, in this approach an error will be made if in vivo the velocity profiles are more flattened.In vitro studies in glass tubes on the velocity profiles of ghost cell suspensions 5 Until now, precise measurement of velocity profiles in small blood vessels has not been performed in vivo for technical reasons. Photometric methods cannot be used to determine a profile because the system does not provide a direct measure of the red blood cell velocity in the plane of sharp focus. 34 With high-speed cinematography, displacement of red blood cells can be followe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Velocity profiles of blood platelets and red blood cells flowing in arterioles of the rabbit mesentery.

Tangelder¹,

Slaaf²,

Muijtjens³

et al. 1986

Circulation Research

148

138

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“…Finally, and most recently, Bagchi (2007) has modelled red blood cells as liquid capsules and employed the immersed boundary method to model ows in two-dimensional rectangular channels involving as many as 2500 cells. Comparisons of the predictions of the size of the cell-free layer in channels of dierent widths were made with the in vitro data of Bugliarello & Sevilla (1970) and analytical data of Sharan & Popel (2001) and showed good agreement. Agreement between the numerical results of Bagchi (2007) and the empirical expression of Pries et al (1992) for the relative apparent viscosity of blood at three dierent discharge hematocrits was also very close.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

A non-homogeneous constitutive model for human blood. Part 1. Model derivation and steady flow

2008

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The earlier constitutive model of Fang & Owens (2006) and Owens (2006) is extended in scope to include non-homogeneous ows of healthy human blood. Application is made to steady axisymmetric ow in rigid walled tubes. The new model features stress-induced cell migration in narrow tubes and accurately predicts the Fåhraeus-Lindqvist eect (Fåhraeus & Lindqvist (1931)) whereby the apparent viscosity of healthy blood decreases as a function of tube diameter in suciently small vessels. That this is due to the development of a slippage layer of cell-depleted uid near the vessel walls and a decrease in the tube hematocrit (Fåhraeus (1929)) is demonstrated from the numerical results. Although clearly inuential, the reduction in tube hematocrit observed in small vessel blood ow (the so-called Fåhraeus eect) does not therefore entirely explain the Fåhraeus-Lindqvist eect.

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“…Experimental studies on blood (Scott Blair [14], Charm and Kurland [15]) with the variety of haematocrits, anticoagulants, temperature and so on and recommended that the behaviour of blood at low shear rate can be described sufficiently by the Casson model. In particular, when blood flows through small blood vessels, the presence of a peripheral layer of plasma (Newtonian liquid) and a core region of suspension of all the erythrocytes as a non-Newtinian liquid can be seen, which was experimentally shown by Bugliarello and Sevilla [16] and Cokelet [17]. The assumption of Newtonian behavior of blood is acceptable for high shear rate flow through larger arteries [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A Study on Solute Dispersion in a Three Layer Blood-like Liquid Flowing through a Rigid Artery

Debnath

Saha

Roy

2017

Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng.

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Velocity distribution and other characteristics of steady and pulsatile blood flow in fine glass tubes1

Cited by 314 publications

References 0 publications

Velocity profiles of blood platelets and red blood cells flowing in arterioles of the rabbit mesentery.

Velocity profiles of blood platelets and red blood cells flowing in arterioles of the rabbit mesentery.

A non-homogeneous constitutive model for human blood. Part 1. Model derivation and steady flow

A Study on Solute Dispersion in a Three Layer Blood-like Liquid Flowing through a Rigid Artery

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