VELOCIRAPTOR: An X-band photoinjector and linear accelerator for the production of Mono-Energetic

Anderson, S. G.; Albert, F.; Bayramian, A.; Beer, G.; Bonanno, R. E.; Cross, Robert R.; Deis, G.A.; Ebbers, C.A.; Gibson, D. J.; Hartemann, F. V.; Houck, T.; Marsh, Roark; McNabb, D. P.; Messerly, M. J.; Scarpetti, R.; Shverdin, M. Y.; Siders, C. W.; Wu, Shuai; Barty, C. P. J.; Adolphsen, C.; Chu, T.S.; Jongewaard, E.; Li, Z.; Limborg, C.; Tantawi, Sami; Vlieks, A.E.; Wang, F.; Wang, J.W.; Zhou, Feng; Raubenheimer, T.O.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.06.106

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Building on prior work on narrowband gamma-ray light sources at LLNL [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], the LLNL Nuclear Photonics Facility (NPF) will be equipped with a tunable MEGA-ray source using an all X-band linac including an X-band rf photoinjector. The advantages of operating at X band and further detail on the linac design are available in [9]. This paper describes an rf photoinjector which will be tested at the X-band test area (XTA) at SLAC, at an X-band test station at LLNL, and will serve as the injector for the X-band very energetic light for the observation and characterization of isotopic resonances and the assay and precision tomography of objects with radiation (VELOCIRAPTOR) linac, designed to drive the precision, compact, MEGa-ray source at the NPF [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and design of anX-band rf photoinjector

Marsh

Albert

Anderson

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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A design for an X-band rf photoinjector that was developed jointly by SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is presented. The photoinjector is based around a 5.59 cell rf gun that has state-of-the-art features including: elliptical contoured irises; improved mode separation; an optimized initial half cell length; a racetrack input coupler; and coupling that balances pulsed heating with cavity fill time. Radio-frequency and beam dynamics modeling have been done using a combination of codes including PARMELA, HFSS, IMPACT-T, ASTRA, and the ACE3P suite of codes developed at SLAC. The impact of lower gradient operation, magnet misalignment, solenoid multipole errors, beam offset, mode beating, wakefields, and beam line symmetry have been analyzed and are described. Fabrication and testing plans at both LLNL and SLAC are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and design of anX-band rf photoinjector

Marsh

Albert

Anderson

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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“…Though frequency scaling does not bring the high gradients hoped in initial Loew-Wang scaling [36], the short pulse length inherent at higher frequency does mean higher gradients are achieved [37], which can mean shorter accelerators and faster energy gain in photoinjectors and thus the potential for brighter beams [21]. The original X-band gun (dubbed the Mark 0) was designed and tested by Vlieks [38] with a design gradient of 200 MV=m, much higher than the typical 120 MV=m S-band gradient.…”

Section: Rf Gunmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An emittance of 0.3 mm mrad and an energy spread of 0.03% are expected at 30 MeV for a 100 pC bunch, which requires the use of the Mark 1 rf gun and a single T53 accelerator structure operating at 45 MV=m [35]. The emittance at the end of the 250 MeV VELOCIRAPTOR linac was expected to be 0.35 mm mrad for a 250 pC bunch [21], which includes the Mark 1 rf gun and six T53 accelerator structures operating at 75 MV=m. Modeled operation at a reduced peak surface electric field of 180 MV=m results in a ≲10% increase in emittance, and operation at 140-160 MV=m results in a ≲50% increase in emittance.…”

Section: Rf Gunmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of such facilities are the high intensity gammaray source (HIGS) [11], and the under construction Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics GammaBeam System in Romania (ELI-NP GBS) [12]. LLNL has a long history of work on narrowband gamma-ray light sources [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and designed the all X-band VELOCIRAPTOR linac [21]. The X-band photoinjector [22] discussed here was originally designed to serve as the electron source for the VELOCIRAPTOR, and LLNL commissioned the MEGa-ray (Mono-Energetic Gammaray) Test Station (MTS) to leverage hardware in hand into a platform for developing the critical technologies for optimized Laser-Compton scattering with an X-band accelerator [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive modeling efforts [16,19,20] have been motivated by nuclear resonance fluorescence applications and the capability of compact X-band accelerators built off of the Mark 1 design parameters [21]. In order to increase the flux of these narrow-band sources, multi-bunch architectures have been developed and novel lasers have seen promising initial success as photocathode sources [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of a second generation X -band rf photoinjector

Marsh

Anderson

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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rf photoinjectors produce incredibly bright electron beams enabling advanced photon science applications such as the current generation of free electron lasers and high energy x-rays and gammarays via laser-Compton scattering. A second generation 5.59 cell X-band rf gun has been developed, installed, conditioned, commissioned, tuned, and used to produce laser-Compton x-rays and multiple electron bunches. A charge per bunch from a few pC to 500 pC has been measured, consistent with a quantum efficiency of 5 × 10 −5 using a 263 nm 10 Hz photocathode drive laser. The rf gun has operated close to design performance at high gradient, and more reliably at lower gradient achieving a root mean square normalized emittance of 0.3 mm mrad at both 80 pC at 185 MV=m, and 40 pC at 165 MV=m. Thermal emittance is estimated at 0.55 mm mrad=mm. Energy spread of 0.03% has been achieved. These results agree very well with modeling predictions for the operating conditions under which the measurements were made. Unusually disruptive breakdowns were observed with an applied magnetic field of 0.5T used for emittance compensation.

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International workshop on next generation gamma-ray source

Howell¹,

Ahmed²,

Afanasev³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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A workshop on The Next Generation Gamma-Ray Source sponsored by the Office of Nuclear Physics at the Department of Energy, was held November 17-19, 2016 in Bethesda, Maryland. The goals of the workshop were to identify basic and applied research opportunities at the frontiers of nuclear physics that would be made possible by the beam capabilities of an advanced laser Compton beam facility. To anchor the scientific vision to realistically achievable beam specifications using proven technologies, the workshop brought together experts in the fields of electron accelerators, lasers, and optics to examine the technical options for achieving the beam specifications required by the most compelling parts of the proposed research programs. An international assembly of participants included current and prospective γ-ray beam users, accelerator and light-source physicists, and federal agency program managers. Sessions were organized to foster interactions between the beam users and facility developers, allowing for information sharing and mutual feedback between the two groups. The workshop findings and recommendations are summarized in this whitepaper.

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VELOCIRAPTOR: An X-band photoinjector and linear accelerator for the production of Mono-Energetic

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Modeling and design of anX-band rf photoinjector

Modeling and design of anX-band rf photoinjector

Performance of a second generation X -band rf photoinjector

International workshop on next generation gamma-ray source

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