“…For the Lawton scale, the elderly subjects and their companion responded to the questionnaire. For the Pfeffer questionnaire, only the elderly subject's companion responded (Dos Santos & Virtuoso Júnior, 2008;Dutra, Ribeiro, Pinheiro, de Melo, & Carvalho, 2015;Lawton & Brody, 1969;Pfeffer, Kurosaki, Harrah, Chance, & Filos, 1982). The GDS-15 is a shortened version of the original 30-item instrument, which has presented good sensitivity and specificity for screening depressive symptoms (Paradela, Lourenço, & Veras, 2005;Yesavage et al, 1982).…”