Vehicular Networking: ITS-G5 vs 5G Performance Evaluation using Road Weather Information

Abstract

Safety of transport systems on roads has become the crucial developmental concern within the road infrastructure. The prevailing climatic situation plays a crucial role on transport safety and it is a key cause behind weather hazards in traffic, leading to accidents in northern regions of Europe and America. In this article, we present the test results of pilot road weather related services on a set of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenarios by using ITS-G5 (IEEE 802.11p) and 5G test network with TCP and UDP. TCP/UDP are the transport layer connection orientated (TCP) and connectionless (UDP) IP protocols that define how information on internet can be exchanged. The Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) has a test track equipped with both Road Weather Stations (RWS) and a 5G test network (5GTN). These networks have the capability of supporting ITSenabled road weather services in very realistic situations. We evaluated the performance of ITS-G5 and 5GTN with transport layer TCP and UDP. The performance is investigated by considering average throughput and lost packets. The analysis of transport layer protocols provides us a deep insight of vehicular networking and performance degradation factors.Even though IEEE 802.11p is specifically designed for vehicular communication, the soon-to-be deployed 5G technology would be able to offer the reliability to satisfy functional safety requirements with almost 80% of TCP data traffic. The evaluation indicated that the state-of-the-art 5G technology would be a better substitute to fulfill majority of the required features for vehicular applications, including latency, throughput and others.

Heterogeneous (ITS-G5 and 5G) Vehicular Pilot Road Weather Service Platform in a Realistic Operational Environment

“…The measurement conditions were the same for all field measurements. For the V2I and V2V scenarios, the vehicle passed the RWSs and the other vehicle by making a connection with RWSs and sustaining the connection within communication range with the maximum possible data rate [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Analysis of collaborative wireless vehicular technologies under realistic conditions

“…The Physical Layer (PHY) of IEEE802.11p can be utilized with eight possible modes of Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCSs). Depending on the used MCS mode, the data‐rate can vary between 3–54 Mbps [16].…”

“…For this purpose, cellular 5G wireless network can play a crucial role in VANET having ultra‐low latency. 5G technology can therefore play a key role for the development of smart cities and intelligent roadside‐infrastructure having ultra‐low latency network to exchange real‐time information between vehicles and roadside‐infrastructure [15, 16]. The 5th generation technology is already launched to tackle these cellular issues for vehicular communication.…”