Vehicular HetNet load distribution using centralized control of software‐defined network

Abstract

Current vehicular communication systems experience from nonflexible and costly devices, complicated control-plane protocols, and vendor-specific configuration interfaces. In the next generation vehicular communication, a mobile device (MD) will be installed on a car capable of accessing multiple services from different networks. So heterogeneous networks (HetNets) may play a vital role in vehicular communication. Despite heterogeneity, flawless connectivity between different systems is a basic need of the travellers. The key challenge for seamless connectivity is the design of a vertical handover (VHO) scheme.We claim that software-defined networking (SDN) can make things easier in the design and supervision of VHO in vehicular HetNet. The proposed method maximizes the HetNet utilization with lesser handover by balancing the load among the HetNets. Simulation results performed in MATLAB justified that this novel architecture with proper VHO technique boosts the performance by balancing the load, reducing unnecessary VHO, etc. Performance is analyzed by considering four studies, ie, handover served ratio (HSR), on board units (OBUs), OBU served ratio (OSR), and total throughput and total capacities of road side units (RSUs) to serve handover demands from OBUs. It is observed that the HSR increases rapidly as the number of OBUs increases, which indicates almost all the handover requested OBUs are allocated resources by a connected RSU. We also studied the served total throughput by considering VHO with SDN, without SDN in the average case and without SDN in the best case, and it is observed that with SDN as a central controller, the total OSR and total throughput is increased. KEYWORDShandover served ratio, heterogeneous network, RSU selection, software-defined network, vehicular communication INTRODUCTIONThe advancement of wireless networks is creating web browsing, banking, social networking, multimedia services, and other activities user friendly nowadays, even in speedy mobile condition. Current vehicular communication becomes an important part of human's daily life by providing numerous services associated with nonsafety and safety applications. 1 Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) theater a crucial function in order to support the people's demand on wheels, and that will grow 2 very fast in the near future. Even with the increase demand on the requirement for different stand-alone mobile standards, the lack of interest for commercialization of such individual standards are due to cost Int J Commun Syst. 2020;33:e4329.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/dac 2 of 13 KANDAR ET AL.factors, backward-compatibility concerns, etc, and the industry will be interested to come together on a common standard. As an outcome, the vehicular communication scenery will continue to vary for the estimated outlook. Building heterogeneity is an important aspect for service providers and mobile device companies to deal with. The mobile system companies are incorporating further network interfaces into their equipment. Currently, various...