Vehicular contribution of PAHs in size dependent road dust: A source apportionment by PCA-MLR, PMF, and Unmix receptor models

Zhang, Jin; Li, Ruifei; Zhang, Xiaoying; Bai, Yun; Cao, Peng; Hua, Pei

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.410

Cited by 104 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although individual compounds of PCB's such as PCB-52 (points 1-3) and PCB-28 (points 2-3) have exceed minimal reqs (1 μg/kg), these sediments could not be classified as polluted. As described above, possible sources of PCBs in lakes can be emissions from fuels combustion, transportation and urban runoff, in this case especially from road and streets pavement [35] - [37] and landfills [38] in the catchment area of studied lakes. PAH's in studied sites show different pattern than PCBs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Quality of Freshwater Lake Sediments (Balvu and Pērkonu Lakes)

Purmalis

Kļaviņš

Arbidans

2019

ETR

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Water quality, watershed basin and urbanization are key factors from the perspective of freshwater management; however, actual depth of waterbodies is often an overlooked element. Actual depth represents the overall depth of lake bed and depth of sediments. Some cases have been reported, where with increase of average depth of lake, it is possible to expect improvements of water quality when sediments are removed. If lakes are eutrophic, shallow, overgrown with macrophytes and contain high concentrations of biogenic elements water and lake ecosystem quality can be endangered. Removal of sediments can be an expensive procedure and also depends on the composition, structure, local conditions and total amount of sediments, also the disposal or possible use of sediments must be considered. Therefore, it is crucial to understand not only the genesis of sediments, but also possible pollutants, especially in urban territories. Two lakes in Latvia, where the coastal areas of lakes are urbanized at different levels, were studied. Lake Pērkonu was less affected from urbanization than Lake Balvu, cumulative effects of sedimentation and eutrophication were shown as these two lakes are interconnected. Characterization of lake sediments was done, including measurements of pH, ash content, analysis of C/N ratio, biological composition, metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), content of organic matter and concentration of humic acids. Results show that structure and composition of sediments in studied lakes differ with increasing depth, giving opportunity to track environmental changes in the past and differentiate possible applications of sediments. In deeper layers sediments were mostly formed from algae, but in more recent stages of lake development macrophytes were more dominant. Sediments formed after Ice-Age and located close to the bottom of the lake differ from conditions on paste (relief of lake bed, streams etc.), because areas with accumulated clay material and areas with sandy material were present.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Quality of Freshwater Lake Sediments (Balvu and Pērkonu Lakes)

Purmalis

Kļaviņš

Arbidans

2019

ETR

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“…Through this research, we discovered the relationship among the intensity of human activities and the accumulation of PTEs in the sediment core from North Aral Sea, but the specific source of PTEs was not determined. For this, the results of this research may need to be integrated with isotope tracing studies [64][65][66][67], as well as source apportionment models [68][69][70][71] combined with the emission inventory for PTEs in the Aral Sea basin. The correlation coefficients (Table 3) indicate that the significant enrichment in PTEs is related to the significant enhancement in human activities after the 1970s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Change and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in the Lake Sediments from North Aral Sea, Central Asia

Liu

Abuduwaili

2020

Applied Sciences

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The Aral Sea has received worldwide attention for the deterioration of its biological and chemical status. The accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the lake sediments reflects changes in the surrounding watershed and represents a potential hazard for the lake ecosystem. In conjunction with existing environmental records from the Aral Sea basin, sedimentary records of PTEs in North Aral Sea covering a short time scale, anno Domini (AD) 1950–2018, were used to reveal historical changes in PTE concentrations and potential risks to lake functioning. The results suggested that the levels of PTEs in lake sediments from North Aral Sea changed abruptly around 1970 AD, which is concurrent with the intensification of human activities within the basin. After 1970 AD, with the exception of As, which remained at unpolluted-to-moderately polluted levels, the geo-accumulation indices of the remaining PTEs studied (V, Cr, Zn, Co, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cd) inferred a moderately polluted status. Before 1970 AD, the total ecological risk was low, but since 1970, the total ecological risk index has exceeded 150, indicating moderate risk. Historical changes in PTE levels of lake sediments from North Aral Sea and their potential ecological risks are reported for the first time. The conclusions provide an important reference for the protection of lake ecosystems and will provide data for regional/global comparisons of environmental change during the Anthropocene.

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“…However, the correlation between the aboveground part and soil is not high as that between the root part and soil (R 2 = 0.31, p < 0.01). This phenomenon might be the result of different environmental factors, including traffic source and biomass combustion, which lead to differences in the adsorption process through leafy uptake (Zhang et al 2019). The absorption of PAHs in the gas phase reportedly accounts for 90.6% of the total absorption of vegetables, and the absorption of PAHs in soil accounts for 9.4% of the total absorption of vegetables (Jia et al 2019).…”

Section: Plant Uptake Of Pahs From Agricultural Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Urbanization-driven Plant Accumulation and Human Intake Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crops of Peri-urban Farmlands

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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As a ubiquitous carcinogen, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are closely related to anthropogenic activities. The process of urbanization leads to the spatial interlacing of farmlands and urbanized zones. However, field evidence on the influence of urbanization on the accumulation of PAHs in crops of peri-urban farmlands is lacking. This study comparatively investigated the urbanization-driven levels, compositions, and sources of PAHs in 120 paired plant and soil samples collected from the Yangtze River Delta in China and their species-specific human intake risks. The concentrations of PAHs in crops and soils in the peri-urban areas were 2407.92 ng g−1 and 546.64 ng g−1, respectively, which are significantly higher than those in the rural areas. The PAHs in the root were highly relevant to those in the soils (R2 = 0.63, p < 0.01), and the root bioconcentration factors were higher than 1.0, implying the contributions of root uptake to plant accumulations. However, the translocation factors in the peri-urban areas (1.57 ± 0.33) were higher than those in the rural areas (1.19 ± 0.14), indicating the enhanced influence through gaseous absorption. For the congeners, the 2- to 3-ring PAHs showed a higher plant accumulation potential than the 4- to 6-ring PAHs. Principal component and source analyses show that the PAHs in the peri-urban plants predominantly resulted from urbanization parameters, such as coal combustion, vehicle emissions, and biomass burning. The mean values of estimated dietary intake of PAHs from the consumption of peri-urban and rural crops were 9116 ng d−1 and 6601.83 ng d−1, respectively. The intake risks of different crops followed the order rice > cabbage > carrot > pea. Given the significant input of PAHs from urban to farmland, the influence of many anthropogenic pollutants arising from rapid urbanization should be considered when assessing the agricultural food safety.

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Vehicular contribution of PAHs in size dependent road dust: A source apportionment by PCA-MLR, PMF, and Unmix receptor models

Cited by 104 publications

References 52 publications

Composition and Quality of Freshwater Lake Sediments (Balvu and Pērkonu Lakes)

Composition and Quality of Freshwater Lake Sediments (Balvu and Pērkonu Lakes)

Historical Change and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in the Lake Sediments from North Aral Sea, Central Asia

Elevated Urbanization-driven Plant Accumulation and Human Intake Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crops of Peri-urban Farmlands

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