Vehicle Position Correction: A Vehicular Blockchain Networks-Based GPS Error Sharing Framework

Abstract

The positioning accuracy of the existing vehicular Global Positioning System (GPS) is far from sufficient to support autonomous driving and ITS applications. To remedy that, leading methods such as ranging and cooperation have improved the positioning accuracy to varying degrees, but they are still full of challenges in practical applications. Especially for cooperative positioning, in addition to the performance of methods, cooperators may provide false data due to attacks or selfishness, which can seriously affect the positioning accuracy. By fully exploiting the characteristics of blockchain and edge computing, this paper proposes a vehicular blockchain-based secure and efficient GPS positioning error evolution sharing framework, which improves vehicle positioning accuracy from ensuring security and credibility of cooperators and data. First, by analyzing the GPS error, a bridge can be established between the sensor-rich vehicles and the common vehicles to achieve cooperation by sharing the positioning error evolution at a specific time and location. Particularly, the positioning error evolution is obtained by a deep neural network (DNN)-based prediction algorithm running on the edge server. We further propose to use blockchain technology for storage and sharing the evolution of positioning errors, mainly to guarantee the security of cooperative vehicles and mobile edge computing nodes (MECNs). In addition, the corresponding smart contracts are designed to automate and efficiently perform storage and sharing tasks as well as solve inconsistencies in time scales. Extensive simulations based on actual data indicate the accuracy and security of our proposal in terms of positioning error correction and data sharing.

Convergence of Blockchain and Edge Computing for Secure and Scalable IIoT Critical Infrastructures in Industry 4.0

“…Furthermore, the positioning accuracy is also a critical issue in mobile services, especially for vehicular networks. The study [77] proposed a blockchainbased framework on collaborative positioning. Particularly, blockchain can ensure the data provenance of positioning data.…”

Approaches towards Blockchain Innovation: A Survey and Future Directions

“…Applying blockchain technology to a transport system provides efficient data processing, privacy, network monitoring and secure service delivery to end users. Li et al [30] proposed this blockchain technology for transportation systems to provide security and privacy. Knirsch et al proposed blockchain-based four phase protocols for charging EVs utilizing bitcoin technology for data identified with charging station offers; although it provides transparency it is not reasonable for huge arrangements of information.…”

Blockchain for Vehicular Internet of Things: Recent Advances and Open Issues

“…Li et al [ 57 ] discussed the positioning accuracy in cooperative positioning scenarios where attackers or selfish nodes exist. They used deep neural networks to estimate positioning errors.…”