Vehicle Cornering Performance Evaluation and Enhancement Based on CAE and Experimental Analyses

Abstract

Featured Application: Measurement and performance evaluation for vehicle.Abstract: A full-vehicle analysis model was constructed incorporating a SLA (Short Long Arm) strut front suspension system and a multi-link rear suspension system. CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) simulations were then performed to investigate the lateral acceleration, yaw rate, roll rate, and steering wheel angle of the vehicle during constant radius cornering tests. The validity of the simulation results was confirmed by comparing the computed value of the understeer coefficient (K us ) with the experimental value. The validated model was then used to investigate the steady-state cornering performance of the vehicle (i.e., the roll gradient and yaw rate gain) at various speeds. The transient response of the vehicle was then examined by means of simulated impulse steering tests. The simulation results were confirmed by comparing the calculated values of the phase lag, natural frequency, yaw rate gain rate, and damping ratio at various speeds with the experimental results. A final series of experiments was then performed to evaluate the relative effects of the cornering stiffness, initial toe-in angle, and initial camber angle on the steady-state and transient-state full-vehicle cornering handling performance. The results show that the handling performance can be improved by increasing the cornering stiffness and initial toe-in angle or reducing the initial camber angle.

An Advancement in Truck-Tire–Road Interaction Using the Finite Element Analysis

“…At larger slip angles, the value of the speed did not have a significan on the lateral force, and it provided a negligible amount of lateral force at the 12slip angles. However, it can be noted that, at larger slip angles, the tire produced a sliding zone due to a higher lateral force, which led to a decreased adhesive zone tread elements of the tire entering the tire-terrain contact zone [17]. Additionally be inferred from Figure 13 that, at lower speeds (10 km/h and 50 km/h), the tread p of the tire may not have gripped the road completely, which resulted in the genera Furthermore, with the existence of higher vertical loads and larger slip angles, the compression of the tread blocks in the contact patch was much greater, regardless of the tire speed.…”

“…Additionally be inferred from Figure 13 that, at lower speeds (10 km/h and 50 km/h), the tread p of the tire may not have gripped the road completely, which resulted in the genera Furthermore, with the existence of higher vertical loads and larger slip angles, the compression of the tread blocks in the contact patch was much greater, regardless of the tire speed. Therefore, the tread blocks (the tread elements in both the tread and undertread areas) generated a higher deflection in the lateral direction, which increased the deformation of the contact zone [17]. It can also be noted that an increase in the vertical load in the presence of a constant inflation pressure would directly increase the contact length of the tire-terrain interaction.…”

“…It was observed that, at a given speed and vertical load, an increase in tire inflation pressure correlated to a decrease in the tire-terrain contact zone, w would directly lead to a reduction in the pneumatic trail. Therefore, both larger slip an with a higher tire inflation pressure had a significant effect on the increase in the slid of the rear contact zone of the tire-terrain contact patch, which resulted in a decreas the tread adhesive zone [17]. In particular, the tire deflected laterally and was much stiffer at a higher inflation p Figure 14 shows the variation in the lateral force as a function of the slip angle for the truck tire running at 100 km/h and different inflation pressures.…”

Multiobjective optimization framework for designing a steering system considering structural features and full vehicle dynamics

“…Moreover, manufacturers are struggling to meet these challenges in the context of a highly competitive and rapidly changing marketplace. In this sense, the smart manufacturing in the automotive industry by means of CAE software has matured rapidly in recent years with the aim to assess the full-vehicle dynamic behaviour during the design, development, and prototype stages 5 . Compared to traditional experimental procedures, this allows to reduce costs and design and production times while maximizing vehicle performance, comfort, environmentally friendly features, quality, and safety 6 .…”

“…An analysis of the kinematics and compliance of a passive suspension system using Adams/Car was presented by 22 . The vehicle cornering performance evaluation and enhancement based on CAE and experimental analyses was investigated by 5 . A multi-objective optimization framework for designing a vehicle suspension system together with a comparison of the results using different algorithms was carried out in 6 .…”