VEGF expression and new blood vessel after dental X-ray irradiation on fractured tooth extraction wound

Abstract

Background: Dental X-ray has an important role in dentistry. Complication case such as tooth fracture extraction requires this examination to determine the appropriate treatment measures. Dental X-ray can also cause a negative impact to the body at cellular and even molecular level. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the decrease of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and new blood vessels number caused by dental X-ray irradiation on fractured tooth extraction wound on day 3 and 7 after extraction. Method: We used 30 wistar rats which was randomly divided into 6 groups. Each rat's central insisive of left mandible was fractured and then extracted after or without X-ray irradiation. Group KA and KB were control groups without irradiation. Group P1 A and P1 B were treatment groups with 0.08 mSv irradiation dose. Group P2 A and P2 B were treatment groups with 0.16 mSv irradiation dose. The subject from group KA, P1 A, and P2 A were sacrficed and sockets were collected at day 3. The subject from group KB, P1 B, and P2 B were sacrficed and sockets were collected at day 7. Socket were processed and painted with hematoxylin eosin and immunohistochemistry, then observed with a microscope. Data processing was performed with SPSS 16 through one way anova test and post hoc Tukey test HS. Result: The lowest means expression of VEGF and the number of new blood vessels on the day 3 was found in P2 A group, and the highest found in the KA group. The lowest means expression of VEGF and the number of new blood vessels on the day 7 was found in P2 B group, and the highest found in the KB group. Conclusion: Dental X-ray irradiation dose of 0.08 mSv and 0.16 mSv causes decrease of VEGF expression and new blood vessels in the wound fractured tooth extraction in day 3 and day 7 post-extraction.

The role of purple leaves extract (Graptophyllum Pictum (L.) Griff) on the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels in the socket after tooth extraction

“…Increasing vascular permeability increased endothelial cell proliferation, endothelial cell mitosis, controlled endothelial cell migration, created new blood vessel lumens and macrophage chemotaxis, and vasodilation, all of which are goals of new blood vessel development. 33,34 The increase in the number of blood vessels and fibroblasts occurred due to the synergistic effect of the active compounds in the purple leaves extract. It was known that purple leaves extract contains active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins.…”

“…Saponins can also reduce the length of the inflammatory phase and secrete TGF-α, which can affect the differentiation of osteoblast cells. 33,35 Alkaloid compounds can play a role in preventing bacterial growth and protecting wounds from free radicals. Meanwhile, tannin compounds could also have the effect of reducing inflammation and preventing bacterial infections.…”