Vegetation of Eurasia from the last glacial maximum to present: Key biogeographic patterns

Binney, Heather; Edwards, Mary E.; Macias‐Fauria, Marc; Lozhkin, Anatoly; Anderson, Patricia M.; Kaplan, Jed O.; Andreev, Andrei A.; Безрукова, Е. В.; Blyakharchuk, Tatiana; Jankovská, Vlasta; Khazina, I. V.; Krivonogov, Sergey K.; Kremenetski, K. V.; Nield, Joanna M.; Novenko, Elena; Ryabogina, N.E.; Solovieva, Nadia; Willis, Katherine J.; Zernitskaya, Valentina

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.11.022

Cited by 176 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The pollen datasets used in this study have been carefully assessed and the assignment of pollen taxa to biomes is based on a widely accepted global classification system of plant functional types (PFTs) ) with some minor modifications (Tarasov et al 1998(Tarasov et al , 2000Bigelow et al 2003;Ni et al 2014;Binney et al 2017). The results presented here are in agreement with previous biomisation (e.g.…”

Section: Reliability Of Pollen-based Biome Reconstructionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…We applied a weighting (×15) to the pollen percentages of Larix prior to calculating the affinity score (following Bigelow et al 2003 and;Binney et al 2017) to compensate for its low pollen production (Niemeyer et al 2015). Bigelow et al (2003) set this weighting because it resulted in the most realistic modern distribution of cold deciduous forest in Siberia.…”

Section: Assignment Of Pollen Taxa To Biomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broad-scale vegetation reconstructions have been undertaken that focus in part on eastern and northern Asia, including biomisation reconstruction (Ni et al 2014;Tarasov et al 1998Tarasov et al , 2000Bigelow et al 2003;Binney et al 2017), pollen data mapping (Cao et al 2015), quantitative tree-cover reconstruction (Tian et al 2016), and macrofossil data mapping (Binney et al 2009). These previous studies provide valuable insights into the general pattern of vegetation changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, during the last glacial-interglacial cycle, besides the temperature-driven south-north shift, the forest biomes extended north-westward after the last deglaciation (particularly during the Holocene) and shrank southeastward in the late Holocene (precipitation-driven) at the margins of the Asian Summer Monsoon (Ni et al 2014;Cao et al 2015;Tian et al 2016). In northern Siberia, the forest biomes shifted into the present tundra region during the early and middle Holocene, as revealed by macrofossil- (Binney et al 2009) and pollen-based vegetation reconstructions (Tarasov et al 1998(Tarasov et al , 2000Bigelow et al 2003;Rudaya et al 2016;Binney et al 2017;Zhilich et al 2017). However, these previous studies have either a restricted spatial extent (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these previous studies have either a restricted spatial extent (e.g. Bigelow et al 2003;Binney et al 2017) or temporal resolution (Tarasov et al 1998(Tarasov et al , 2000Bigelow et al 2003). In addition, they only focus on documenting past vegetation changes, while the driving factors behind them have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biome changes and their inferred climatic drivers in northern and eastern continental Asia at selected times since 40 cal ka bp

Tian

Cao²,

Dallmeyer

et al. 2017

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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Recent global warming is pronounced in high-latitude regions (e.g. northern Asia), and will cause the vegetation to change. Future vegetation trends (e.g. the "arctic greening") will feed back into atmospheric circulation and the global climate system. Understanding the nature and causes of past vegetation changes is important for predicting the composition and distribution of future vegetation communities. Fossil pollen records from 468 sites in northern and eastern Asia were biomised at selected times between 40 cal ka bp and today. Biomes were also simulated using a climate-driven biome model and results from the two approaches compared in order to help understand the mechanisms behind the observed vegetation changes. The consistent biome results inferred by both approaches reveal that long-term and broad-scale vegetation patterns reflect globalto hemispheric-scale climate changes. Forest biomes increase around the beginning of the late deglaciation, become more widespread during the early and middle Holocene, and decrease in the late Holocene in fringe areas of the Asian Summer Monsoon. At the southern and southwestern margins of the taiga, forest increases in the early Holocene and shows notable species succession, which may have been caused by winter warming at ca. 7 cal ka bp. At the northeastern taiga margin (central Yakutia and northeastern Siberia), shrub expansion during the last deglaciation appears to prevent the permafrost from thawing and hinders the northward expansion of evergreen needle-leaved species until ca. 7 cal ka bp. The vegetationclimate disequilibrium during the early Holocene in the taiga-tundra transition zone suggests that projected climate warming will not cause a northward expansion of evergreen needle-leaved species.

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Section: Reliability Of Pollen-based Biome Reconstructionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Assignment Of Pollen Taxa To Biomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biome changes and their inferred climatic drivers in northern and eastern continental Asia at selected times since 40 cal ka bp

Tian

Cao²,

Dallmeyer

et al. 2017

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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Underlying causes of Eurasian midcontinental aridity in simulations of mid‐Holocene climate

Bartlein

Harrison

Izumi

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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Climate model simulations uniformly show drier and warmer summers in the Eurasian midcontinent during the mid‐Holocene, which is not consistent with paleoenvironmental observations. The simulated climate results from a reduction in the zonal temperature gradient, which weakens westerly flow and reduces moisture flux and precipitation in the midcontinent. As a result, sensible heating is favored over evaporation and latent heating, resulting in substantial surface‐driven atmospheric warming. Thus, the discrepancy with the paleoenvironmental evidence arises initially from a problem in the simulated circulation and is exacerbated by feedback from the land surface. This region is also drier and warmer than indicated by observations in the preindustrial control simulations, and this bias arises in the same way: zonal flow and hence moisture flux into the midcontinent are too weak, and feedback from the land surface results in surface‐driven warming. These analyses suggest the need to improve those aspects of climate models that affect the strength of westerly circulation.

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Saproxylic beetles' morphological traits and higher trophic guilds indicate boreal forest naturalness

Wetherbee,

Birkemoe,

Burner

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Forests contribute to numerous ecosystem functions and services and contain a large proportion of terrestrial biodiversity, but they are being negatively impaced by anthropogenic activities. Forests that have never been clear‐cut and have old growth characteristics, termed “near‐natural,” often harbor different and richer species assemblages than managed forests. Alternative management strategies may be able to balance the needs of biodiversity with the demands of forestry, but evaluation efforts are limited by the challenges of measuring biodiversity. Species richness is frequently used as a simple measure of biodiversity, but research indicates that it may not adequately capture community‐level changes. Alternatively, trait‐based measures of biodiversity may prove to be useful, but research is lacking. In this paper, we use a large dataset that includes 339 obligate saproxylic beetle species collected over a decade in the boreal region throughout southern Norway to: (1) establish if there is a difference in beetle community composition between near‐natural and managed forests; and (2) determine which measures of beetle biodiversity best indicate forest naturalness. We arranged the sites in an ordination space and tested for differences in community composition between these forest types. We also tested different measures of biodiversity to determine which were the most predictive of forest naturalness. We found a clear difference in community composition between near‐natural and managed forests. Additionally, three measures of biodiversity were most predictive of forest naturalness: proportional abundance of predators, community weighted mean (CWM) of wing length, and CWM of body roundness. The probability that a forest was near‐natural increased with the proportional abundance of predators but decreased with CWM wing length and body roundness. Although species richness was higher in near‐natural forests, the effect was not significant. Overall, our findings underscore the conservation value of near‐natural forests and highlight the potential of several measures of biodiversity for determining forest quality.

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Vegetation of Eurasia from the last glacial maximum to present: Key biogeographic patterns

Cited by 176 publications

References 60 publications

Biome changes and their inferred climatic drivers in northern and eastern continental Asia at selected times since 40 cal ka bp

Biome changes and their inferred climatic drivers in northern and eastern continental Asia at selected times since 40 cal ka bp

Underlying causes of Eurasian midcontinental aridity in simulations of mid‐Holocene climate

Saproxylic beetles' morphological traits and higher trophic guilds indicate boreal forest naturalness

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