Vegetation, Nutrients and Agricultural Land use in a North Buckinghamshire Valley Fen

Wheeler, B. D.

doi:10.2307/2259732

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There was no coincidence with concentration of Mn [another potential toxin (Nazrul, 1976;Al Farraj, Giller & Wbeeler, 1984)] and free sulphide has never been detected. There was no evidence for P limitation in the uninvaded area (see also Wheeler, 1983); although extractable Ca and Mg concentrations were lower in tbat area, E. hirsutum has been shown to grow vigorously at sites with even lower extractable Ca or Mg values (Al Farraj, 1983;Wheeler, 1983) and, in any case, dissolved concentrations were not lower. Iron concentration is thus the only measured variable clearly associated with the distribution of £.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…1), a small, spring-fed fen in north Buckinghamshire (Wheeler, 1983). The pattern of dominance of one part is recent in origin, following encroachment by E. hirsutum into a once visually-uniform stand of fen meadow (co-dominated by y. subnodulosus and Carex acutiformis Ehrh.)…”

Section: Field Observations On the Distribution Of Epilobium Hirsutummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as a result of fencing and exclusion of cattle-grazing. Details of this, and of background vegetation and chemical data, are given by Wheeler (1983). In part ofthe enclosed site (Jl, Fig.…”

Section: Field Observations On the Distribution Of Epilobium Hirsutummentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

IRON TOXICITY TO PLANTS IN BASE‐RICH WETLANDS: COMPARATIVE EFFECTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. AND JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS SCHRANK

1985

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe distribution of two common species of base-rich wetlands, Epilobium hirsutum L. and Juncus subnodulosus Schrank, as dominant species within a small, spring-fed fen is correlated with high concentrations of iron present in the areas marked by superficial precipitated iron ochre. E. hirsutum was confined to the less iron-rich parts. Other chemical variables (including P) showed little relationship to Epilobium distribution. In laboratory conditions, growth of E. hirsutum seedlings on waterlogged substrata from the same fen was much less on iron-rich than lower-iron soil, but J. subnodulosus seedlings showed no differential response. Growth of E. hirsutum on iron-rich soil was slightly ameliorated by addition of P but remained low relative to that on low-iron soil. Growth of J. subnodulosus was not increased by P addition.Growth of E. hirsutum was substantially increased by maintaining the iron-rich soil at 80 % field capacity (F.C) rather than in waterlogged condition, though on low-iron soils greatest growth was found in waterlogged conditions. At 80% F.C. both iron and P were less available than when soil was waterlogged. Growth oi J. subnodulosus seedlings was consistently greatest in waterlogged conditions. In solution culture, Epilobium hirsutum seedlings showed poor growth, ill health and death at high iron concentrations (> 50 mg 1"^) whilst, although growth of y. subnodulosus seedlings was also reduced, th.ey remained visually healthy. High iron concentrations caused rapid blackening and ultimate flaccidity and necrosis of E. hirsutum roots; such symptoms were absent from J'. subnodulosus. These data suggest that high iron concentrations are detrimental to E. hirsutum, both in the field and laboratory, and that this is not just an indirect effect of iron upon other aspects of mineral nutrition. The significance of this to possible mechanisms of iron toxicity and waterlogging tolerance is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Field Observations On the Distribution Of Epilobium Hirsutummentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

IRON TOXICITY TO PLANTS IN BASE‐RICH WETLANDS: COMPARATIVE EFFECTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. AND JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS SCHRANK

1985

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Eutrophication is one of the most important contemporary anthropogenic disturbances and its detrimental effects on wetland vegetation have been reported in numerous cases (Klotzli 1986;Wheeler 1983;Verhoeven et al 1988). The nutrient availability in wetlands is determined by external nutrient inputs and by soil biogeochemical processes (mineralization, chemisorption), the latter processes being strongly regulated by environmental conditions (water chemistry, redox potential, temperature, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of inorganic N, P and K in peat soils; effect of temperature, water chemistry and water level

1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In the Netherlands, fens that are fed by polluted river water are often eutrophic, whereas fens fed by calcium-rich groundwater often are mesotrophic. Differences in trophic status can not always be attributed to differences in the nutrient load of the water.In this paper we try to determine if the inflow of river water in fens, in fact, accelerates the soil nutrient release, thereby creating more eutrophic conditions ('internal eutrophication'). For this purpose, we compared nutrient release rates (N, P and K) in soil cores from Sphagnum peat and Carex peat saturated with different media, that were artificially created to mimic the three basic water sources: polluted river water, unpolluted calcium-rich groundwater and rainwater. In addition, we studied the effect of temperature and water level on nutrient release rates.The experiments proved that Sphagnum peat released much more P and ammonium than Carex peat. The strong site effect proved consistent throughout the water chemistry treatments, which indicates that soil quality may be the most important agent determining nutrient release rates. Nevertheless, it was established that water chemistry and water level are of significant influence on nutrient release rates in peat soils. In particular, river water stimulated P release by the peat, most notably in the Sphagnum peat. P-release in both soils was only minor when the soils were incubated in clean Ca-rich groundwater. It is suggested that P release is strongly associated with soil chemical processes, and that high P release rates after incubation in river water are due to the high sulphate content of the water.The net release from the soil of ammonium, potassium and phosphate increased with increasing temperature. A freezing treatment significantly increased nutrient availability.The results of the experiments are examined in the context of hydrologic management strategies for the conservation of fens in agricultural landscapes.

show abstract

“…Wheeler (1983) described a situation in which the development of eutrophic tall fen (particularly stands of Epilobium hirsutum) occurred alongside a species-rich community where grazing had been excluded. Patterns of livestock grazing for the two Anglesey fens have not, to our knowledge, been recorded in detail, but together with periodic fires, they undoubtedly play an important part in preventing the development of woody vegetation in the most heavily drained sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of drainage on the distribution of rich-fen plant communities in two Anglesey basins

Meade¹,

Blackstock²

1988

Wetlands

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The calcareous mires of Anglesey in North Wales bear a range of rich-fen plant communities. Zonation of the vegetation on two fens, parts of which are managed as nature reserves, is examined in relation to topography, soil properties, hydrology, and land drainage. Patterns of distribution on the drained site suggest that species-poorMolinia associations have replaced rich-fen communities as a consequence of superficial drainage.

show abstract

Vegetation, Nutrients and Agricultural Land use in a North Buckinghamshire Valley Fen

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

IRON TOXICITY TO PLANTS IN BASE‐RICH WETLANDS: COMPARATIVE EFFECTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. AND JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS SCHRANK

IRON TOXICITY TO PLANTS IN BASE‐RICH WETLANDS: COMPARATIVE EFFECTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. AND JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS SCHRANK

Release of inorganic N, P and K in peat soils; effect of temperature, water chemistry and water level

The impact of drainage on the distribution of rich-fen plant communities in two Anglesey basins

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About