Tea is an important cash crop, and it becomes necessary to map the spatial distribution of tea plantations. The tea industry has been expanding rapidly in the Northeast region of India, and consequently, the area under tea plantations is changing rapidly which needs periodic monitoring. In this study, satellite data such as Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Sentinel-2A were deployed for tea plantation identification and to analyze the dynamics of tea extent in the North Bengal district during 2000 and 2020. The result showed that the tea plantation area has increased from 1097 km 2 (2000) to 1377 km 2 (2020), depicting an increase in tea plantation area by 280 km 2 (or 25%) during the last 20 years. The highest increase in tea plantations was in Darjeeling (+137 km 2 ) and Jalpaiguri (+ 83 km 2 ) districts due to the expansion of tea estates along with the increasing population. The accuracy of tea plantation was evaluated using recall and precision with F1 score of 0.90 in 2000 and 0.92 in 2020. The tea plantation health condition was also assessed using both biophysical (LAI, EVI, FPAR) and biochemical parameters (leaf chlorophyll content). The results revealed that tea plants leaf area index (LAI) varied from 1 to 3, with healthy tea plants showed LAI > 2. Similarly, healthy tea plants depicted leaf chlorophyll content of 40 to 70 μg/cm 2 . Assessment of dynamics of tea plantation is required for promoting sustainable tea practices and safeguarding economic and social importance of people living in North Bengal.