Vegetation and Disturbance

Mazzoleni, Stefano; Rego, Francisco; Giannino, Francesco; Vincenot, Christian E.; Pezzatti, Gianni Boris; Legg, Colin J.

doi:10.1002/9781118351475.ch14

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Different growth rates between fenced and open plots in species such as C. salvifolius , M. communis , R. ulmifolius , and U. jussiaei can be explained by different reasons. Species of genus Rubus are known for being strongly preferred by deer because of the palatability and the high protein content of its leaves (Bugalho & Milne ; Mazzoleni et al ; Boulanger et al ). Ulex jussiaei has also been referred to be part of deer diet at TNM (Mazzoleni et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species of genus Rubus are known for being strongly preferred by deer because of the palatability and the high protein content of its leaves (Bugalho & Milne ; Mazzoleni et al ; Boulanger et al ). Ulex jussiaei has also been referred to be part of deer diet at TNM (Mazzoleni et al ). Similarly M. communis was also mentioned by Lovari et al () as strongly preferred by deer, and Ammar et al () classify it as a medium–high digestibility species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, E. scoparia and P. lentiscus did not present a significantly different development across time, suggesting that these species were less preferred by deer. Pistacia lentiscus is known for its low digestibility due the chemical composition of its leaves (Massei et al ; Ammar et al ), and E. scoparia is referred as a nonpreferred species by Mazzoleni et al (). Besides being less preferred, these species are strong resprouters able to withstand natural disturbances like fire and browsing (Paula & Ojeda ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of deer exclusion on the development of a Mediterranean plant community affected by a wildfire

Silva

Catry

Moreira

et al. 2015

Restoration Ecology

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Despite the resilience of Mediterranean ecosystems to fire, the ecological restoration of burned plant communities can be hindered by ungulate herbivores, particularly in areas with high population densities. This study compares the postfire development of a shrub community with and without deer, after a wildfire occurred in 2003 in a protected area in Central Portugal. We monitored 12 fenced and 12 unfenced plots 2, 3, 4, and 8 years after fire. Within each plot, we established a linear transect and measured the monospecific canopy projections (plant patches). Five plant community indicators (patch number, average patch length, average patch height, patch cover, and patch phytovolume per square meter) were obtained. The diameter and height of individuals of the most abundant shrub species (Cistus salvifolius, Erica scoparia, Myrtus communis, Pistacia lentiscus, Rubus ulmifolius, and Ulex jussiaei) were also measured. These measurements were used as response variables in generalized linear mixed models in order to assess the effects of time-after-fire and fencing, on the development of the plant community. Patch height and phytovolume had a significantly higher growth in fenced plots. At the species level, C. salvifolius, M. communis, R. ulmifolius, and U. jussiaei showed a higher growth across time both in height and in diameter, in the absence of herbivory. This work shows that deer exclusion needs to be considered when aiming at the postfire restoration of Mediterranean shrub communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of deer exclusion on the development of a Mediterranean plant community affected by a wildfire

Silva

Catry

Moreira

et al. 2015

Restoration Ecology

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“…Therefore, even a relatively long period, say 10  years of experimental duration, may not reveal major changes taking place in a multi-decadal time scale. We deliberately chose Markov models to explore the link between medium-and long-term patterns because they are the simplest type of successional model (Mazzoleni et al 2004). As stochastic models, they aggregate most of the underlying interactions and processes driving the community dynamics in the transition matrix, even if that processes are not fully identified.…”

Section: Are Long-term Community Changes Predictable Based On Medium-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrapolating multi‐decadal plant community changes based on medium‐term experiments can be risky: evidence from high‐latitude tundra

Saccone

Virtanen

2015

Oikos

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For most experimental studies the short‐term responses to manipulation often differ from the long‐term changes in the community composition, dynamics or functioning. Such discrepancy limits the translation of experimental results into key ecological topics such as global environmental change. Here we analyzed plant community dynamics from a 23‐year transplant experiment in the Fennoscandian mountain tundra and explored how well the pattern of responses over the first 12 years of the experiment can predict longer‐term changes. Sod‐blocks of tundra heath vegetation were transplanted to a snowbed 150 m higher in elevation from their origin, where, with contrasting levels of soil wetness, half of the transplants were protected from mammalian herbivores. Throughout the experiment, community changes strongly depended on both plant functional types and experimental treatments. The first 12 years were characterized by a response to transplantation to the snowbed showing a strong increase of graminoid and a decrease of shrub abundances in the transplants. In the longer term, the community divergence increased in particular in response to grazing and soil wetness within the snowbed, while graminoid dominance disappeared. Markov chain models captured the main trends during the first 12 years but they failed to predict their relative abundance after 23 years. In particular, the late dominance of bryophytes in the wet snowbed, the recovery of shrubs in the dry exclosures, and the subordinate status of graminoids deviated from the extrapolation based on the medium‐term trends. Despite clear community dynamical trajectories detected in the first decade, the differences in the temporal scale of both treatment effects and plant functional type responses limited their ability to extrapolate longer‐term trajectories. We find that increasing focus on long‐term experiments is a crucial step to understanding the processes involved in the response of plant communities to global environmental change.

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“…Since it indicates the leaf density solely of trees or the stand canopy, LAI plays a considerable role in multiple areas associated with botany (Bréda 2003;Kalácska et al 2005), forestry (Waring & Running 2007;Perry et al 2008), hydrology (Ward & Robinson 2000;Komatsu 2005;Ö ztü rk et al 2013), meteorology (Bonan 2008), the environment (Zhang et al 2004), agriculture (Gower et al 1999) and overall landscape ecology (Bonan et al 2002;Mazzoleni et al 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete intra-annual cycle of leaf area index in aPlatanus orientalisL. stand

Öztürk

2015

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Leaf area index (LAI) analysis of deciduous forest trees is usually restricted to seasonal monitoring involving the assessment of distinct leaf phenological stages within definite time intervals of the year. However, continuous LAI monitoring that includes entire leaf periods is necessary to define the ecophysiological characteristics of deciduous trees. Therefore, this study investigated the intra-annual cycle of the LAI for a Platanus orientalis L. stand in the Bartın watershed of Turkey. A complete cycle involves three periods: foliation, stable, and defoliation. The foliation period comprises budburst, leaf emergence and flushing sessions, whereas the defoliation period consists of leaf senescence and leaf fall sessions. The stable period is in between these two periods when LAI values are at a climax around maximum. Eight points were determined in the field for the analysis of LAI by a hemispherical photography technique. Over a relatively frequent schedule, photographs were taken almost weekly during the foliation period. Both weekly and approximate monthly photographs were applied during the stable period. Finally, near-monthly photographs were taken for the defoliation period. The foliation period lasted for about 1.5 months from mid-April to May with the mean LAI reaching from 0.16 up to 2.38. Mean LAI was between 2.38 and 2.47 for a stable period over 2 months (June and July). For the defoliation period, mean LAI dropped from 2.42 down to 0.35 over 5 months from August to December. The total foliated period was more than 8 months, which is relatively long for a temperate forest. In addition, correlations between mean LAI and maximum, mean and minimum temperatures were highly significant (P , 0.01) with coefficients (r) of 0.79, 0.90 and 0.93, respectively. By describing the intra-annual LAI pattern, this study fills a gap in the literature on the phenology of Platanus orientalis L.

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Vegetation and Disturbance

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

The effects of deer exclusion on the development of a Mediterranean plant community affected by a wildfire

The effects of deer exclusion on the development of a Mediterranean plant community affected by a wildfire

Extrapolating multi‐decadal plant community changes based on medium‐term experiments can be risky: evidence from high‐latitude tundra

Complete intra-annual cycle of leaf area index in aPlatanus orientalisL. stand

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