Vegetation and Acidification

DeWalle, David R.; Kochenderfer, James N.; Adams, Mary Beth; Miller, Gary W.; Gilliam, Frank S.; Wood, Frederica; Odenwald-Clemens, Stephanie S.; Sharpe, William E.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4615-4_5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Whole-watershed ammonium sulfate treatments reduced EMM growth of northern red oak, red maple, and tulip poplar relative to an adjacent control watershed, but did not affect the growth of black cherry (Figure 4). The observed species-specific responses to treatment are generally consistent with previous tree ring studies at Fernow, which reported greater tulip poplar growth in the control catchment (Jensen et al, 2014) and comparable growth of black cherry after the first years of treatment (DeWalle et al, 2006).…”

Section: Treatment Effects On Tree Growthsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, analyses of tree growth response to acidification treatments at Fernow have been mixed or inconclusive. For example, DeWalle et al (2006) reported that growth of black cherry ( Prunus serotina ) and tulip poplar ( Liriodendron tulipifera ) increased in the treated watershed relative to the control in the first 7 years, perhaps due to N fertilization or base cation mobilization, but growth rates declined thereafter. Jensen et al (2014) reported species‐specific differences in growth, with black cherry exhibiting significantly greater growth in the treated watershed until 2003, and tulip poplar growing consistently faster in the control watershed from 1989–2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Temperate Forest Growth and Climate Sensitivity in Response to a Long‐Term Whole‐Watershed Acidification Experiment

et al. 2020

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Acid deposition is a major biogeochemical driver in forest ecosystems, but the impacts of long‐term changes in deposition on forest productivity remain unclear. Using a combination of tree ring and forest inventory data, we examined tree growth and climate sensitivity in response to 26 years of whole‐watershed ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) additions at the Fernow Experimental Forest (West Virginia, USA). Linear mixed effects models revealed species‐specific responses to both treatment and hydroclimate variables. When controlling for environmental covariates, growth of northern red oak (Quercus rubra), red maple (Acer rubrum), and tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) was greater (40%, 52%, and 42%, respectively) in the control watershed compared to the treated watershed, but there was no difference in black cherry (Prunus serotina). Stem growth was generally positively associated with growing season water availability and spring temperature and negatively associated with vapor pressure deficit. Sensitivity of northern red oak, red maple, and tulip poplar growth to water availability was greater in the control watershed, suggesting that acidification treatment has altered tree response to climate. Results indicate that chronic acid deposition may reduce both forest growth and climate sensitivity, with potentially significant implications for forest carbon and water cycling in deposition‐affected regions.

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Section: Treatment Effects On Tree Growthsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Temperate Forest Growth and Climate Sensitivity in Response to a Long‐Term Whole‐Watershed Acidification Experiment

et al. 2020

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“…Our results suggest that soil freezing at temperatures commonly experienced at this site can further increase net nitrification in soils already exhibiting high nitrification from N saturation, potentially exacerbating problems associated with N saturation, such as decreased growth rates of dominant hardwood species, which has been demonstrated at FEF (May et al 2005;DeWalle et al 2006).…”

Section: Implications For Soil Freezing In An N-saturated Hardwood Fomentioning

confidence: 62%

Effects of experimental freezing on soil nitrogen dynamics in soils from a net nitrification gradient in a nitrogen-saturated hardwood forest ecosystem

2010

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This study examined effects of soil freezing on N dynamics in soil along an N processing gradient within a mixed hardwood dominated watershed at Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. Sites were designated as LN (low rates of N processing), ML (moderately low), MH (moderately high), and HN (high). Soils underwent three 7-day freezing treatments (0, -20, or -80 8C) in the laboratory. Responses varied between temperature treatments and along the gradient. Initial effects differed among freezing treatments for net N mineralization, but not nitrification, in soils across the gradient, generally maintained at LN < ML MH < HN for all treatments. Net N mineralization potential was higher following freezing at -20 and -80 8C than control; all were higher than at 0 8C. Net nitrification potential exhibited similar patterns. LN was an exception, with net nitrification low regardless of treatment. Freezing response of N mineralization differed greatly from that of nitrification, suggesting that soil freezing may decouple two processes of the soil N cycle that are otherwise tightly linked at our site. Results also suggest that soil freezing at temperatures commonly experienced at this site can further increase net nitrification in soils already exhibiting high nitrification from N saturation.Résumé : Nous avons étudié les effets du gel du sol sur la dynamique de N dans le sol le long d'un gradient de transformation de N dans un bassin versant dominé par des feuillus mélangés à la Forêt expérimentale de Fernow, en Virginie-Occidentale. Les stations ont été classées sur la base du taux de transformation de N: LN (faible), ML (modérément faible), MH (modérément élevé) et HN (élevé). Les sols ont subi trois périodes de gel de 7 jours (0, -20 ou -80 8C) en laboratoire. Les réactions ont varié selon la température ainsi que le long du gradient. Les effets initiaux étaient différents selon l'intensité du gel dans le cas de la minéralisation nette mais pas dans le cas de la nitrification dans les sols le long du gradient qui s'est généralement maintenu à LN < ML < MH < HN avec tous les traitements. Le potentiel de minéralisation nette de N était plus élevé à la suite d'un gel à -20 et -80 8C que chez le témoin et plus élevé qu'à 0 8C dans tous ces traitements. Le potentiel de nitrification nette suivait le même patron. La station LN faisait exception: la nitrification nette était faible peu importe le traitement. La réponse de la minéralisation de N au gel était très différente de celle de la nitrification, indiquant que le gel du sol peut découpler deux processus du cycle de N dans le sol qui sont par ailleurs étroite-ment reliés dans notre site. Les résultats indiquent aussi que le gel du sol à des températures qui surviennent couramment dans ce site peut augmenter davantage la nitrification nette dans les sols où la nitrification est déjà élevée à cause de la saturation en N.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…At FEF, the <40-year-old stand on WS3 would be considered to be in an aggrading phase by most forest models (e.g., [41]) and, indeed, there was an initial positive growth response to the initiation of the N treatment [50]. However, current growth rates of some of the dominant tree species (e.g., P. serotina, L. tulipifera, and A. rubrum) on WS3 have decreased by as much as 50% [42] and have done so at a time when stream NO 3 − is also declining, indicating that patterns of decline in stream NO 3 − are not the result of increased uptake by rapidly growing trees of an aggrading ecosystem.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitrogen on Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Nitrate in Streams and Soil Solution of a Central Hardwood Forest

Gilliam

Adams

2011

ISRN Ecology

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Vegetation and Acidification

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Assessing Temperate Forest Growth and Climate Sensitivity in Response to a Long‐Term Whole‐Watershed Acidification Experiment

Assessing Temperate Forest Growth and Climate Sensitivity in Response to a Long‐Term Whole‐Watershed Acidification Experiment

Effects of experimental freezing on soil nitrogen dynamics in soils from a net nitrification gradient in a nitrogen-saturated hardwood forest ecosystem

Effects of Nitrogen on Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Nitrate in Streams and Soil Solution of a Central Hardwood Forest

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