Vegetable oil based fatty amide as hydrophobes in associative thickener

Abstract

A vegetable oil based high performance associative thickener has been designed and synthesized from a hydroxyl functional soybean oil derivative (hydroxyl value 159 mg KOH/g). An isocyanate-terminated prepolymer was synthesized from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and end-capped with the hydroxyl functional soybean oil derivative to prepare a hydrophobically modified ethoxylated polyurethane (HEUR) thickener. The synthesis was monitored by infrared spectroscopy via the isocyanate peak at 2258-2270 cm21 . Thickener efficiency was tested with a commercial styrene-acrylic latex UCAR TM 443, an acrylic latex Acronal V R Optive 130 and an alkyd emulsion Worl eeSol V R E 150W. High thickening efficiency was noted in the low shear region, e.g., 0.5 wt % HEUR loading with UCAR 443 increased viscosity from 0.66 P to 3.06 P at a shear rate of 1333 s 21 . The effect of soybean oil fatty amide based rheology modifier as additive in coating was evaluated in terms of gloss, viscosity, sag resistance, and flow and leveling properties.

Chemically Modifying Vegetable Oils to Prepare Green Lubricants

“…These amines are valuable in preparing a wide variety of value-added materials, such as cleaners, fabric treatments, hair conditioners, personal care products (liquid cleansing, conditioning bars, oral care), antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and most importantly, as an antiwear additive in oil field applications. Pramanik et al [107] reported the effect of soybean oil-based fatty amides as a rheology modifier additive in coatings. It has been reported that the fatty amide formed by reacting fatty acids with diethanolamine was used as an active ingredient to manufacture dry cleaning soaps, fuel oil additives, rust inhibitors, textile scouring, dye leveling agents, and woolen cloths [108,109].…”

Properties of powdered associative alkali‐swellable acrylics thickeners synthesized by precipitation polymerization

“…After dispersed in water, the powdered particles separated into separate macromolecules. However, the particles of macromolecules exhibited in the form of hard spheres because they still remained in the hydrophobic . With neutralized by aqueous NaOH, all the carboxylic acid in the macromolecules transferred into the hydrophilic carboxylic ions, which swelled in water to form loose floccules and thickened the water …”

“…As an important type of rheological modifier, alkali‐swellable acrylics thickener (ASAT) has been widely applied in waterborne coatings, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, person care product, and so on . Light crosslinked polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid is a very common ASAT.…”

Reactive Extrusion Synthesis of Biobased Isocyanate-Free Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethanes with Pendant Hydrophobic Groups

“…Waterborne paints 1 and coatings 2 are steadily replacing solvent-based formulations due to environmental and health concerns and the consequent requirement to reduce the use of volatile organic compounds in commercial products. The transition toward more sustainable, water-based alternatives was achieved without compromising the desired performance of these products by incorporating rheology modifiers.…”

“… 3 − 5 Typical HEURs are oligomeric molecules with a hydrophilic core based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with a molar mass in a range of 6,000–35,000 g·mol –1 and short hydrophobic terminal chains. 3 , 6 Hydrophobes most often contain C8–C18 alkyl groups, 2 , 7 , 8 alkyl phenyl groups, 9 − 12 or fluorocarbons. 13 , 14 The hydrophilic segment of HEURs is typically obtained via polyaddition of PEG 2 , 3 , 7 and diisocyanate (e.g., isophorone diisocyanate 2 , 4 , 10 , 12 , 15 − 18 or 4,4′-methylenedicyclohexyl diisocyanate 3 , 8 , 19 ), used in molar excess and yielding a telechelic prepolymer, terminated by isocyanate groups.…”