Vegetable-borne lutein, lycopene, and β-carotene compete for incorporation into chylomicrons, with no adverse effect on the medium-term (3-wk) plasma status of carotenoids in humans

Tyssandier, Viviane; Cardinault, Nicolas; Caris-Veyrat, Catherine; Amiot, Michel; Grolier, Pascal; Bouteloup, Corinne; Azaı̈s-Braesco, Véronique; Borel, Patrick

doi:10.1093/ajcn/75.3.526

Cited by 107 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The plasma β-carotene response to spinach alone was better than that obtained by Tyssandier et al 59 (0.66 compared to 0.226 nmol µg −1 RE). Plasma lutein responses were unaffected by feeding spinach plus tomato purée but the response to the dietary β-carotene was halved.…”

Section: Competition Between Dietary Carotenoids At Absorptioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…In conclusion, the studies of Tyssandier et al 59 suggest that vegetable and purified lutein inhibit the bioavailability of β-carotene from spinach; however, this may not be inhibition but rather an illustration of the poor availability of β-carotene from spinach, as the results of Castenmiller et al 31 indicate. In the absence of matrix effects imposed by vegetable structure, β-carotene appears to depress lutein bioavailability by about 50%, 61 an effect also noted by Micozzi et al 24 (Table 4).…”

Section: Competition Between Dietary Carotenoids At Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Tyssandier et al 59 investigated the interactions of carotenoids in different vegetables rich in lutein and lycopene, and the pure substances on each other and β-carotene, on their incorporation into chylomicrons and their plasma responses in human studies. Chylomicron β-carotene concentrations were significantly depressed by lutein and marginally so by lycopene.…”

Section: Competition Between Dietary Carotenoids At Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioequivalence of β‐carotene and retinol

Thurnham

2006

J Sci Food Agric

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For many years it was accepted that 6 mg of β-carotene were required to produce 1 mg of vitamin A in the form of retinol. The equivalence was based on the assumptions that two-thirds of dietary β-carotene are not absorbed, while in the metabolism of the remaining third 1 mol of β-carotene is converted to 1 mol retinol. Recently, the bioequivalence was raised to 12 mg β-carotene and 1 mg retinol. The objective of this review was to re-examine the data that were used to support the new equivalence ratio, especially since some of these data were obtained in developing countries where infestation with gut parasites and exposure to other infections is common, yet the influence of inflammation on plasma carotenoid and retinol concentrations is frequently ignored. Bioequivalence studies examined in this review include those done in developing and developed countries, depletion and repletion studies, feeding with vegetable sources of β-carotene or pure supplements, influence of helminths, carotenoid interactions and matrix effects and studies using stable isotopes (SI). SI studies show the bioefficacy of β-carotene conversion to retinol is generally poor even for pure β-carotene unless the dose is small and fed regularly until equilibration is reached. Retinol formation appears to be inversely influenced by previous vitamin A intake, the amount of material given and current vitamin A status. In spite of technical complexities, more SI studies where liver reserves of vitamin A are determined pre and post intervention are needed to evaluate β-carotene bioefficacy of different vegetable sources.

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Section: Competition Between Dietary Carotenoids At Absorptioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Section: Competition Between Dietary Carotenoids At Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Competition Between Dietary Carotenoids At Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioequivalence of β‐carotene and retinol

Thurnham

2006

J Sci Food Agric

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“…This is particularly the case for the follow-up of dietary fatty acids versus endogenous or for the specific follow-up of individual exogenous fatty acids (Demmelmair et al, 1997), for the follow-up of dietary cholesterol versus endogenous (Beaumier-Gallon et al, 2001) or for studying fat oxidation with a breath test (Votruba et al, 2001). The bioavailability of fat-soluble vitamins or carotenoïds can be studied through the postprandial follow-up after enriched test meals (Tyssandier et al, 2002;Sauvant et al, 2003).…”

Section: Use Of Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

2007

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Background: Postprandial lipid metabolism in humans has deserved much attention during the last two decades. Although fasting lipid and lipoprotein parameters reflect body homeostasis to some extent, the transient lipid and lipoprotein accumulation that occurs in the circulation after a fat-containing meal highlights the individual capacity to handle an acute fat input. An exacerbated postprandial accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the circulation has been associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Methods: The important number of studies published in this field raises the question of the methodology used for such postprandial studies, as reviewed. Results: Based on our experiences, the present review reports and discuss the numerous methodological issues involved to serve as a basis for further works. These aspects include aims of the postprandial tests, size and nutrient composition of the test meals and background diets, pre-test conditions, characteristics of subjects involved, timing of sampling, suitable markers of postprandial lipid metabolism and calculations. Conclusion: In conclusion, we stress the need for standardization of postprandial tests.

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“…However, note that these solubility values would have been probably different if purified carotenoids were used. Indeed, it is well known that carotenoids compete for absorption (42,44) and the vegetables ingested contained several carotenoids (see MATERIALS AND METHODS). However, the aim of this study was to provide basic data on the digestion of vegetableborne carotenoids, which are mostly recovered with other carotenoids species in vegetables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of vegetable-borne carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum

Tyssandier

Reboul

Dumas

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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237

186

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Carotenoids are thought to diminish the incidence of certain degenerative diseases, but the mechanisms involved in their intestinal absorption are poorly understood. Our aim was to obtain basic data on the fate of carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum. Ten healthy men were intragastrically fed three liquid test meals differing only in the vegetable added 3 wk apart and in a random order. They contained 40 g sunflower oil and mashed vegetables as the sole source of carotenoids. Tomato purée provided 10 mg lycopene as the main carotenoid, chopped spinach (10 mg lutein), and carrot purée (10 mg β-carotene). Samples of stomach and duodenal contents and blood samples were collected at regular time intervals after meal intake. all -trans and ciscarotenoids were assayed in stomach and duodenal contents, in the fat and aqueous phases of those contents, and in chylomicrons. The cis-trans β-carotene and lycopene ratios did not significantly vary in the stomach during digestion. Carotenoids were recovered in the fat phase present in the stomach during digestion. The proportion of all -trans carotenoids found in the micellar phase of the duodenum was as follows (means ± SE): lutein (5.6 ± 0.4%), β-carotene (4.7 ± 0.3%), lycopene (2.0 ± 0.2%). The proportion of 13- cis β-carotene in the micellar phase was significantly higher (14.8 ± 1.6%) than that of the all -trans isomer (4.7 ± 0.3%). There was no significant variation in chylomicron lycopene after the tomato meal, whereas there was significant increase in chylomicron β-carotene and lutein after the carrot and the spinach meals, respectively. There is no significant cis-transisomerization of β-carotene and lycopene in the human stomach. The stomach initiates the transfer of carotenoids from the vegetable matrix to the fat phase of the meal. Lycopene is less efficiently transferred to micelles than β-carotene and lutein. The very small transfer of carotenoids from their vegetable matrices to micelles explains the poor bioavailability of these phytomicroconstituents.

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Vegetable-borne lutein, lycopene, and β-carotene compete for incorporation into chylomicrons, with no adverse effect on the medium-term (3-wk) plasma status of carotenoids in humans

Abstract: Consumption of carotenoids from different vegetable sources does not diminish plasma carotenoid concentrations in the medium term, despite the finding in postprandial testing of competitive inhibitory interactions among different carotenoids.

Cited by 107 publications

References 37 publications

Bioequivalence of β‐carotene and retinol

Bioequivalence of β‐carotene and retinol

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

Processing of vegetable-borne carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum

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