Vegan or vegetarian diet and breast milk composition – a systematic review

Karcz, Karolina; Królak‐Olejnik, Barbara

doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1753650

Cited by 38 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is true that mothers belonging to our study did not eat cereals and nuts and that the use of cereals together to meat (MC diet) increases the antioxidant potential of the milk. In a systematic review on HBM from all non-vegetarian, vegetarian and vegan mothers, the nutritional values appear all comparable with the exception of FA composition and micro-components [32]. The authors observed that the dietary choices cannot be an exclusion criterion for donor candidates in human milk banks even if in some countries vegan lactating women as milk donors are excluded.…”

Section: Fatty Acids and Antioxidant Potential Relation In The Milkmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between Fatty Acids Composition/Antioxidant Potential of Breast Milk and Maternal Diet: Comparison with Infant Formulas

et al. 2020

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The fatty acid composition of human breast milk is relevant for the energy, immunity and eicosanoid production in infants. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of foods are essential for human health. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal diet and fatty acids composition as well as the antioxidant potential of breast milk from donors to human milk bank of Perugia’s hospital, Italy. Results were compared with infant formulas. We observed increased levels of total fatty acids and, in particular, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in milk from mothers fed on a vegetable and fruit-rich diet compared with a Mediterranean diet. In the same milk, a reduced antioxidant potential was found. All infant formulas resulted in richer total fatty acid content than human breast milk. Only some formulas were qualitatively similar to breast milk. Of note, the antioxidant potential of the formulas was higher or lower than the human milk with the exception of one sample. The antioxidant potential of four formulas was very high. Dietary supplementation with antioxidants has been shown to have a teratogenic effect and to increase the formation of metastases in adult. There are no data on the effects of excess antioxidants in the infants, but the possibility that they can be harmful cannot be excluded.

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Section: Fatty Acids and Antioxidant Potential Relation In The Milkmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between Fatty Acids Composition/Antioxidant Potential of Breast Milk and Maternal Diet: Comparison with Infant Formulas

et al. 2020

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“…Vegetarian and vegan diets are associated with major risk of nutritional deficiencies compared to omnivorous one, but update evidences highlight that if adequately supplemented, vegetarian and vegan diets could be considered safe for mothers and the offspring health during pregnancy and lactation [9,149,150]. Plant-based diets have been reported to contain more folate, fiber, antioxidants, and carotenoids and less saturated fatty acids, protein, and cholesterol [151], on the other hand, a low content of essential micronutrients especially in terms of iron, zinc, vitamin B12 [152], vitamin D, omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, calcium, and iodine has been described inn vegetarian diet [153].…”

Section: Plant-based Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant-based diets have been reported to contain more folate, fiber, antioxidants, and carotenoids and less saturated fatty acids, protein, and cholesterol [151], on the other hand, a low content of essential micronutrients especially in terms of iron, zinc, vitamin B12 [152], vitamin D, omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, calcium, and iodine has been described inn vegetarian diet [153]. For this reason, micronutrient deficiencies might not be underestimated [149].…”

Section: Plant-based Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Triad Mother-Breast Milk-Infant as Predictor of Future Health: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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The benefits of human milk for both mother and infant are widely acknowledged. Human milk could represent a link between maternal and offspring health. The triad mother-breast milk-infant is an interconnected system in which maternal diet and lifestyle might have effects on infant’s health outcome. This link could be in part explained by epigenetics, even if the underlining mechanisms have not been fully clarified yet. The aim of this paper is to update the association between maternal diet and human milk, pointing out how maternal diet and lifestyle could be associated with breast-milk composition, hence with offspring’s health outcome.

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“…PM and TM compositions are significantly different, but they had significant biological function [ 3 ]. To an extent, milk's nutritional content is related to the mother's diet [ 20 ]. HBM used in this study was from the colostrum of the mothers of newborns During the collection period, our hospital food department provided the mothers' food, which reduced the HBM content variation to some extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal circRNAs contribute to intestinal development via the VEGF signalling pathway in human term and preterm colostrum

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2021

Aging

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Human breast milk (HBM) provides essential nutrients for newborn growth and development, and contains a variety of biologically active ingredients that can affect gastrointestinal tract and immune system development in breastfed infants. HBM also contains mRNAs, microRNAs and lncRNAs, most of which are encapsulated in milk-derived exosomes and exhibit various important infant development related biological functions. While previous studies have shown that exosomal circRNAs are involved in the intestinal epithelial cells’ proliferation and repair. However, the effect of HBM exosomal circRNAs on intestinal development is not clear. In this study, we identified 6756 circRNAs both in preterm colostrum (PC) and term colostrum (TC), of which 66 were upregulated, and 42 were downregulated (|fold change>2|, p < 0.05) in PC. Pathway analysis showed that the VEGF signalling pathway was involved, and network analysis revealed that the differentially expressed circRNAs bound various miRNAs. Further analyses showed that has_circRNA_405708 and has_circRNA_104707 were involved in the VEGF signalling pathway, and that they all bound various mirRNAs. Exosomes found in preterm colostrum (PC) and term colostrum (TC) promoted VEGF protein expression and induced the proliferation and migration of small intestinal epithelial cells (FHCs). Exosomal circRNAs found in human colostrum (HC) binding to related miRNAs may regulate VEGF signalling, and intestinal development.

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Vegan or vegetarian diet and breast milk composition – a systematic review

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Relationship between Fatty Acids Composition/Antioxidant Potential of Breast Milk and Maternal Diet: Comparison with Infant Formulas

Relationship between Fatty Acids Composition/Antioxidant Potential of Breast Milk and Maternal Diet: Comparison with Infant Formulas

The Triad Mother-Breast Milk-Infant as Predictor of Future Health: A Narrative Review

Exosomal circRNAs contribute to intestinal development via the VEGF signalling pathway in human term and preterm colostrum

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