Vegan diet reduces neutrophils, monocytes and platelets related to branched-chain amino acids – A randomized, controlled trial

Lederer, Ann-Kathrin; Maul-Pavicic, Andrea; Hannibal, Luciana; Hettich, Manuel; Steinborn, Carmen; Gründemann, Carsten; Zimmermann-Klemd, Amy Marisa; Müller, Alexander; Sehnert, Bettina; Salzer, Ulrich; Klein, Reinhild; Voll, Reinhard; Samstag, Yvonne; Huber, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.011

Cited by 36 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…One study showed enhanced gut cell metabolism in vegan adults, with changes positively influencing host's health (De Angelis et al, 2020). Although anti‐inflammatory properties of the vegan diet have been purposed, recent studies showed no overall differences in inflammatory biomarkers between vegans and omnivore young adults (Lederer et al, 2020; Menzel et al, 2020). The vegan diet, however, has been reported to reduce blood pressure in chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (Abbasnezhad et al, 2020), and has gained considerable attention from a planetary health perspective, as recently reviewed (Fresán and Sabaté, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Plasma, Erythrocytes, and Spermatozoa Fatty Acid Composition Changes in Young Vegan Men

Chamorro

González

Aliaga

et al. 2020

Lipids

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There has been increasing interest in vegan diets, but how this dietary pattern regulates tissue fatty acids (FA), especially in men, is unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a vegan diet on plasma, erythrocyte, and spermatozoa FA composition in young men. Two groups consisting of 67 young (18-25 years old) men were studied. One group following an omnivore diet but did not consume fish, shellfish or other marine foods (control, n = 33), and another group following a vegan diet (vegan, n = 34) for at least 12 months were compared. Dietary intake was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-h recall. FA composition was measured in plasma, erythrocyte phospholipids, and spermatozoa by gas-liquid chromatography. Compared to controls, the vegan group had higher reported intakes of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamins (C, E, K, and folate), and minerals (copper, potassium) but lower intakes of cholesterol, trans FA, vitamins B 6 , D, and B 12 , and minerals (calcium, iron, and zinc). Vegan's reported a lower saturated FA and not arachidonic acid intake, both groups did not intake eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but vegan's showed a higher alpha linolenic acid ALA intake. Vegans had higher plasma, erythrocyte phospholipid, and spermatozoa ALA, but lower levels of other n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), especially DHA. Vegans were characterized by higher ALA, but lower levels of other n-3 PUFA, especially DHA in plasma, erythrocytes, and spermatozoids. The biological significance of these findings requires further study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Plasma, Erythrocytes, and Spermatozoa Fatty Acid Composition Changes in Young Vegan Men

Chamorro

González

Aliaga

et al. 2020

Lipids

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“…For the primary purpose of the study it was calculated that 48 participants (24 of each group) would be necessary to detect a statistical difference of p < 0.05 considering a statistical power of 80% and a hypothesized large effect size [18,19]. Analysis of adipokines was an exploratory aim.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A monocentric, controlled, randomized trial with parallel group design with healthy participants was performed at the Center for Complementary Medicine, University Medical of Freiburg, Germany, between April and June 2017. Methods have been described previously in detail [18,19]. The analysis of adipokines is a subgroup analysis of a clinical trial evaluating the effect of VD on immune system, Vitamin B12 metabolism and gut microbiome.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leptin 15.6-1,000 pg/ml, sensitivity 7.8 pg/ml. Measurement of amino acids was performed by the Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department for Pediatrics, University Hospital of Freiburg as previously described [18,19,21]. Measurement of leukocytes, monocytes and C-reactive protein was performed by the Central Laboratory of the University Hospital of Freiburg.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the established interplay of metabolism and immune function, the underlying mechanism of these diet-induced anti-in ammatory effects have been insu ciently studied. In 2017, we started a clinical trial aiming to broadly map the in uence of a vegan diet on the immune system to clarify the underlying mechanism leading to an antiin ammatory effect of a vegan diet [18,19]. Based on previous studies by us and others and the essential role of metabolism in immune function, we addressed this question in a randomized clinical trial and hypothesized that the introduction of a vegan diet might lead to lower levels of leptin and higher levels of adiponectin, a combination that would be favorable for adequate immune function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of A 4-Week Vegan Diet on Adipokine Levels in Healthy Male and Female Participants: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

Lederer

Hettich

Huber

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Vegan diet (VD) is reported to show beneficial health effects including cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory protection, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that adipokines, a special type of cytokine produced by the white adipose tissue with known effects on metabolism and the immune system, may contribute to the observed anti-inflammatory effects of VD. Methods A parallel group interventional trial was designed to evaluate the effect of VD compared to meat-rich diet (MD) on serum levels of two central adipokines, leptin and adiponectin. Fifty-three healthy, omnivore participants (62% female, average age 31 years and BMI 23.1 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to VD or MD for 4 weeks. Results End value comparison between VD group and MD group showed a significantly lower level of adiponectin in the MD group (11.6 vs. 15.5 µg/mL, p = 0.025) indicating a moderate effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.524). Participants’ sex affected adipokine levels requiring a separate analysis of male and female participants. Leptin was increased by MD only in male participants (p = 0.019) whereas adiponectin remained stable. Female participants in VD group showed higher adiponectin levels at the end of trial (compared to VD-baseline, p = 0.023, as well as compared to MD group, p = 0.015). The end concentration of adiponectin depended on diet in female participants (p = 0.010). Conclusion The results of our trial suggest that plasma concentration of leptin and adiponectin do not explain the immunomodulatory potential of VD in healthy participants, but it appears that diet modifies adipokine levels in a sex-specific manner.Trial registration: German Clinical Trial register (DRKS00011963), registered 30 March 2017, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00011963.

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Potential Pharmaceutical and Non-pharmaceutical Approaches to Obesity and Diabetes: Focus on Inflammation

El-Naas,

Barenbaum,

Shukla

et al. 2023

Contemporary Endocrinology

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Vegan diet reduces neutrophils, monocytes and platelets related to branched-chain amino acids – A randomized, controlled trial

Cited by 36 publications

References 37 publications

Diet, Plasma, Erythrocytes, and Spermatozoa Fatty Acid Composition Changes in Young Vegan Men

Diet, Plasma, Erythrocytes, and Spermatozoa Fatty Acid Composition Changes in Young Vegan Men

The Effect of A 4-Week Vegan Diet on Adipokine Levels in Healthy Male and Female Participants: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

Potential Pharmaceutical and Non-pharmaceutical Approaches to Obesity and Diabetes: Focus on Inflammation

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