Vector Control of a Single-Phase Voltage Source Converter for the Supply of Inertia to Weak Grids

Henderson, C.; McNeill, Neville; Wu, Guotao; Holliday, Derrick; Egea‐Àlvarez, Agustí

doi:10.1049/icp.2021.1164

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The size of the perturbation is similar for 𝑦 𝑠𝑦𝑠2 and 𝑦 𝑠𝑦𝑠3 despite the large difference in GSIM. However, this is Grid Strength Impedance Metric: An Alternative to SCR for Evaluating System Strength in Converter Dominated Systems due to the different base powers of the system which are specified in (37) and (38) due to one converter being removed in 𝑦 𝑠𝑦𝑠2 . Accounting for this, the magnitude of the disturbances is largely in agreement with the rating of GSIM.…”

Section: B Voltage Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the connected generation determines how much of this transfer capability can be utilised. GFLs exhibit instabilities when operating close to the physical line limit due to the non-linear relationship between power and voltage [37]. However, GFMs can operate right up to the maximum angle without instability and allow GFLs to increase their maximum angle.…”

Section: Power Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grid Strength Impedance Metric: An Alternative to SCR for Evaluating System Strength in Converter Dominated Systems

Henderson

Egea‐Àlvarez

Kneuppel

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Short circuit ratio is an outdated measure of system strength in converter dominated systems as the useful behaviour of inverter-based resources is not represented. While still useful for determining fault current provision, converter connected generation contributes to short circuit level and system strength in a different way to traditional synchronous generation. Additionally, traditional measures only account for system strength at the fundamental frequency while converters possess complex interactions across a frequency range. A novel method of determining system strength across this frequency range from the network impedances is proposed in this paper. The approach known as the Grid Strength Impedance Metric, calculates the system strength independently from short circuit level. The unique contribution of grid-following and gridforming converters is represented by including the multipleinput multiple-output converter output impedances in the calculation. Small-signal impedance models are employed, and the metric is largely concerned with short-term voltage stability, but some inferences can be made for longer timescales. The approach is validated using time domain simulations to check for any identified areas of weakness in the frequency range. The Grid Strength Impedance Metric successfully represents the useful behaviour of grid-forming converters, indicating an enhancement in voltage stiffness in locations of deployment.

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Section: B Voltage Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Power Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grid Strength Impedance Metric: An Alternative to SCR for Evaluating System Strength in Converter Dominated Systems

Henderson

Egea‐Àlvarez

Kneuppel

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similar control systems have already been suggested for renewable technologies such as wind farms [10] but could be easily adapted and augmented with systems to ensure the correct operation of the train under normal operating conditions. The controller builds upon work completed in [8,38].…”

Section: Power Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FLL acts in the stationary frame while the PLL operates in the synchronous frame. The control system is a contribution from the authors previous work that has been extensively tested and a full description can be found in [8]. Moreover, stability analysis of similar grid side single-phase control topologies has been conducted [39].…”

Section: Fig 7 Grid-side Converter Control Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remedial action, such as inertia and enhanced frequency response from unconventional sources such as batteries [6], electric vehicles [7,8] and wind turbines [9,10] has been suggested. The goal of these systems is to support network in the minutes directly following a frequency event to provide time for secondary and tertiary frequency responses to activate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inertia and Frequency Support From Britain's AC Powered Trains

Henderson

Egea‐Àlvarez

Rull-Duran

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

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The penetration of converter connected generation is increasing globally, bringing with it valid concerns over the stability of the modern electricity network. In terms of frequency stability, the provision of inertia and frequency support from converter interfaced generation has been the topic of significant research with a wide range of systems considered. One resource that has avoided significant attention is the GB rail electrical rolling stock. Everyday thousands of trains run on a strict schedule, travelling at high speeds with considerable mass all acting as one large energy store. The AC connected trains possess regenerative braking systems allowing for this energy to be harvested. With simple software modifications this energy can be extracted during large frequency events. This article investigates the power available for inertia and frequency response throughout a working day. A sensitivity analysis of parameters is conducted and the work looks to the future by considering increasing penetration of AC trains. A response between 300 -850 MW is estimated for a one-minute frequency response. The calculated energy and response profile was then used to investigate the effect that the trains would have had on the 9 th of August power cut that occurred in the UK in 2019.

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Vector Control of a Single-Phase Voltage Source Converter for the Supply of Inertia to Weak Grids

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Grid Strength Impedance Metric: An Alternative to SCR for Evaluating System Strength in Converter Dominated Systems

Grid Strength Impedance Metric: An Alternative to SCR for Evaluating System Strength in Converter Dominated Systems

Inertia and Frequency Support From Britain's AC Powered Trains

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