Vector Competence of North American Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) for West Nile Virus

Turell, Michael J.; O’Guinn, Monica L.; Dohm, David J.; Jones, James W.

doi:10.1603/0022-2585-38.2.130

Cited by 550 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Studies demonstrating its competence as a vector of a number of arboviruses suggest that this species has the potential to become involved in disease transmission (Table 2). Fieldcollected A. japonicus have been found to be positive for WNV on a number of occasions in the U.S. (Andreadis et al 2001), and laboratory studies show it is a competent vector of WNV (Sardelis and Turell 2001;Turell et al 2001), JEV (Takashima and Rosen 1989), and LACV (Sardelis et al 2002a), and a moderately efficient vector for EEEV (Sardelis et al 2002b), and St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) (Sardelis et al 2003). However, its role in the transmission of these viruses under natural conditions is unclear (Versteirt et al 2009).…”

Section: Aedes Japonicusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Invasive Mosquitoes in Europe: Ecology, Public Health Risks, and Control Options

Medlock¹,

Hansford²,

Schaffner

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

559

511

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There has been growing interest in Europe in recent years in the establishment and spread of invasive mosquitoes, notably the incursion of Aedes albopictus through the international trade in used tires and lucky bamboo, with onward spread within Europe through ground transport. More recently, five other non-European aedine mosquito species have been found in Europe, and in some cases populations have established locally and are spreading. Concerns have been raised about the involvement of these mosquito species in transmission cycles of pathogens of public health importance, and these concerns were borne out following the outbreak of chikungunya fever in Italy in 2007, and subsequent autochthonous cases of dengue fever in France and Croatia in 2010. This article reviews current understanding of all exotic (five introduced invasive and one intercepted) aedine species in Europe, highlighting the known import pathways, biotic and abiotic constraints for establishment, control strategies, and public health significance, and encourages Europe-wide surveillance for invasive mosquitoes.

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Section: Aedes Japonicusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Invasive Mosquitoes in Europe: Ecology, Public Health Risks, and Control Options

Medlock¹,

Hansford²,

Schaffner

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

559

511

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“…Moreover, variations in feeding behaviour among species may also contribute to the existing differential transmission efficiency of vectors (Turell et al 2001;Daugherty and Almeida 2009) through governing the degree to which they are exposed to a pathogen. Differential exposure may result from the heterogeneous distribution of pathogens, either temporally or spatially, among and/or within host species (Dekker et al 1998;Saracco et al 2005;Shriram et al 2005;Kilpatrick et al 2006;Tatineni et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background matching behaviour and pathogen acquisition: plant site preference does not predict the bacterial acquisition efficiency of vectors

Rashed

Killiny

Kwan

et al. 2010

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Many insect-borne pathogens are heterogeneously distributed within their hosts: therefore, a vector's within-plant distribution may be a predictor of its exposure to pathogens. In this study, we set out to quantify plant site preference, in the context of background matching, and investigated its effect on acquisition of a bacterial pathogen by its leafhopper vectors. The two green-coloured species, Graphocephala atropunctata and Draeculacephala minerva, preferred green plant tissue and artificial backgrounds whereas the brown-coloured Homalodisca vitripennis preferred brown stem tissue and backgrounds. Within-plant feeding site did not predict either the acquisition success or the number of plant-pathogenic Xylella fastidiosa cells acquired by the vectors; an 86% mortality for G. atropunctata was reported on the lignified stem tissue. Overall, H. vitripennis acquired significantly more cells than G. atropunctata. A novel artificial diet-based transmission system was used to further illustrate that the observed between-species difference in the number of cells acquired was independent of vector-host plant interactions. H. vitripennis, a less efficient vector of the bacterium X. fastidiosa on grapevines, acquired more bacterial cells than G. atropunctata, possibly due to its larger size. Contrary to previous assumptions, pathogen acquisition efficiency by the vectors did not explain their reported differences in inoculation. Vector interactions with the host during the inoculation stage should be evaluated as another determinant of X. fastidiosa transmission efficiency.

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“…These species have been implicated in the transmission of arboviral diseases, such as dengue, La Crosse encephalitis, eastern equine encephalitis, and West Nile encephalitis (Mitchell et al 1993, Ibanez-Bernal et al 1997, Turell et al 2001, Gerhardt et al 2001, Turell et al 2005. Illegal dumping of tires in urban and wooded areas, coupled with declines in natural mosquito breeding sites (e.g., tree holes), have made discarded tires an important source of disease vectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval mosquito communities in discarded vehicle tires in a forested and unforested site: detritus type, amount, and water nutrient differences

Kling¹,

Juliano²,

Yee³

2007

J VECT ECOL

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Discarded tires are an important habitat for larvae of multiple species of disease-transmitting mosquitoes. Although tire locations likely influence composition and abundance of vectors, there are few data linking vector populations to the characteristics of the aquatic tire environment. We sampled water-filled tires at three times at a forested and an unforested site to evaluate how differences in detritus inputs or nutrients in these two macrohabitats may be associated with composition of mosquito-dominated invertebrate communities. The forested site had significantly greater inputs of leaves, twigs, seeds, and fine detritus at the first sampling, but subsequent sampling indicated no differences in inputs of any detritus type. Total phosphorous levels were significantly greater in the forested site, but there was no difference in total nitrogen or total ion concentrations during any sampling. Chlorophyll a levels were not different between sites, even though light levels were greater and canopy cover was less at the unforested site. Culex restuans dominated at the unforested site, and Ochlerotatus triseriatus, Anopheles barberi, and Orthopodomyia signifera were found primarily in the forest. Tires at the forested site had significantly more species but not more individuals than at the unforested site. Leaf amount was a good predictor of densities of Oc. triseriatus and overall abundance of mosquitoes in the forest, whereas the amount of seeds was a good predictor of overall invertebrate richness and of Oc. triseriatus numbers in the unforested site. Differences in mosquito assemblage composition between forested and unforested locations may be explained by greater inputs of plant-based detritus and some nutrients, but other factors, such as macrohabitat or host preferences of adult mosquitoes, also may be important.

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Vector Competence of North American Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) for West Nile Virus

Cited by 550 publications

References 28 publications

A Review of the Invasive Mosquitoes in Europe: Ecology, Public Health Risks, and Control Options

A Review of the Invasive Mosquitoes in Europe: Ecology, Public Health Risks, and Control Options

Background matching behaviour and pathogen acquisition: plant site preference does not predict the bacterial acquisition efficiency of vectors

Larval mosquito communities in discarded vehicle tires in a forested and unforested site: detritus type, amount, and water nutrient differences

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