Vasopressin and oxytocin do not influence early sensory processing but affect mood and activation in man

Pietrowsky, Reinhard; Braun, Dietmar; Fehm, Horst L.; Pauschinger, P.; Born, Jan

doi:10.1016/0196-9781(91)90224-d

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the analyses of sex differences are based on very small groups, the opposite changes in oxytocin levels and state anxiety are consistent with the anxiolythic effects of oxytocin [19]. Moreover, increasing plasma oxytocin levels by bolus injection decreases subjective deactivation, fatigue, benumbing, but also arousal and anger, in male subjects [11]. This is consistent with the hypothesis that oxytocin promotes the state of "calm and connection" to facilitate social interaction [19].…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

“…It is also the same pattern of decreased subjective deactivation and decreased subjective overactivation as reported by Reuter after administration of cortisol to male subjects [13]. This suggests that changes in plasma oxytocin levels, inductions of which have also been inconsistently related to cortical activity [11], may be mediating some of the effects of cortisol administration, perhaps including the opposite changes between males and females in anxiety, and state-dependent effects. We are not aware of an explanation of the sex difference in treatment response in oxytocin levels and anxiety, but not cortical activity.…”

supporting

confidence: 51%

“…We also measured plasma levels of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), vasopressin and oxytocin. Plasma levels of vasopressin and oxytocin have been related to cortical activity and subjective activation [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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State-dependent regulation of cortical activity by cortisol: An EEG study

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Wester

et al. 2006

Neuroscience Letters

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In the present study we investigated the effects of cortisol administration on EEG activity in eight healthy volunteers. We administered 35 mg of cortisol in a within-subjects double-blind placebo-controlled design. Cortisol administration caused a global decrease in cortical activity except for an increase frontally at the left, resulting in a significant change in frontal asymmetry. This pattern of results is almost the exact mirror image of one of our previous studies. Comparing subjective activation measures from the present and previous study showed that activation was substantially higher in the present study that was performed in formal testing conditions involving venipuncture, compared to the previous EEG study that was performed in non-formal testing conditions. However, the direction of the present cortisolinduced change in frontal activity asymmetry is consistent with the cortisolinduced change in asymmetric rotation behavior that we recently reported in similar testing conditions. We also found indications that, in contrast to the effects on the EEG measures, effects of cortisol administration on subjective anxiety and plasma oxytocin levels may be sex-dependent. These results are preliminary because of the post-hoc nature and the small number of subjects in the present study. However, they are in line with recent findings by others, suggesting that the effects of cortisol on cortical activity and subjective activation are state dependent and are influenced by testing conditions. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: Cortisol; EEG; Frontal asymmetry; Venipuncture stress; Testing conditions; Alpha powerThe hormone cortisol has a wide range of physiological functions, including the mobilization of resources and stressprotective down-regulation of other physiological systems [3]. Effects of cortisol are context-and state-dependent [3]. Reuter studied the effects of cortisol administration on self-reported mood and activation under stress (violent film) and nonstress (neutral film) conditions [13]. Reuter summarized his results as indicating an adaptive activating effect of cortisol in conditions in which there is a loss of activity due to lack of stimulation since it prevents a further decrease in activity, whereas in stress conditions the organism is protected from overactivation. Indeed, recently it was found that acute cortisol treatment attenuated increases in fear in response to phobia-related stimuli in both a group of subjects with social phobia and a group with spi- * Correspondence to: NeuroInformatics Center, University of Oregon, OR 97403, USA. Tel.: +1 541 6862903; fax: +1 541 6877963.E-mail address: mtops@darkwing.uoregon.edu (M. Tops).der phobia [15]. Similarly, mere testing conditions modulate the effects of cortisol on memory retrieval. In line with observations in rats, Kuhlman and Wolf observed that cortisol administration impaired memory retrieval in a formal testing condition, while it had no impact on retrieval in a very relaxed non-formal testing condi...

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State-dependent regulation of cortical activity by cortisol: An EEG study

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Wester

et al. 2006

Neuroscience Letters

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“…Peptide hormones from the hypophysis and hypothalamus, especially vasopressin, are important in the regulation of higher nervous functions [2, 3,14,20,24,25,28,36,40]. Experimental studies led to the hypothesis that vasopressin can regulate memory processes [4,9,27,34,37]. In recent years, vasopressin has been used clinically, both abroad and in Russia, for the treatment of amnesias of various etiologies [9, 15, 26, 2%35, 37-39].…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of vasopressin on memory processes in java monkeys

Sollertinskaya

Korinkina

2000

Neurosci Behav Physiol

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The roles of vasopressin (arginine-vasopressin) in controlling conditioned operant food-procuring reflexes and various types of memory were studied in monkeys. Types of memory were: conditioned reflex, image (Hunter-Kerr test), short-term, and long-term. The effects of vasopressin were assessed in terms of objective measures of higher nervous activity: movement and autonomous functions. These studies showed that administration of vasopressin to monkeys had different effects on simple operant food-procuring responses and memory processes. Vasopressin had greater effects on memory processes and the restoration of memory after functional derangements of higher nervous activity. The question of the formation of the two types of effect of vasopressin on higher nervous activity is discussed in relation to the evolution of mammals.

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“…However oxytocin administration decreased fatigue, anger and anxiety (84) and vigour (85). Additionally oxytocin attenuated learning processes (85).…”

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confidence: 99%

Oxytocin in the human--regulation of derivations and destinations

Evans

1997

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Vasopressin and oxytocin do not influence early sensory processing but affect mood and activation in man

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

State-dependent regulation of cortical activity by cortisol: An EEG study

State-dependent regulation of cortical activity by cortisol: An EEG study

The effects of vasopressin on memory processes in java monkeys

Oxytocin in the human--regulation of derivations and destinations

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