Vasectomy and Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

Sidney, Stephen; Quesenberry, Charles P.; Sadler, Marianne; Cattolica, Eugene V.

doi:10.1001/jama.1993.03510060051018

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In addition, most studies have used self‐reported history of vasectomy; unfortunately, no study to date has validated these reports against medical records 483. Many studies also have used self‐reported disease status, which may be inaccurate 488…”

Section: 0 Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human prostate cancer risk factors

Bostwick

Burke

Djakiew

et al. 2004

Cancer

513

359

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Section: 0 Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human prostate cancer risk factors

Bostwick

Burke

Djakiew

et al. 2004

Cancer

513

359

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In 1993, a population-based analysis of data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study found a slight increase in the risk of incident prostate cancer after vasectomy (Giovannucci et al, 1993a,b;Dennis et al, 2002);. Later studies, however, found no association between prior vasectomy and the risk of prostate cancer (Lynge, 2002;Cox et al, 2002;Schwingl et al, 2009;Holt et al, 2008;Sidney et al, 1993). In 2014, an updated analysis of the data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study again demonstrated a slight increased risk of high-grade (grade group 4 and 5) and lethal prostate cancer in men with prior vasectomy, but no association with lower grade localized of prostate cancer (Siddiqui et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasectomy and the risk of prostate cancer in a prospective US Cohort: Data from the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study

et al. 2019

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Background: Several studies have linked vasectomy with the risk of prostate cancer; however, this association has been attributed to selection bias. Since vasectomy is a common and effective form of contraception, these implications are significant. Therefore, we sought to test this association in a large observational cohort. Objective: To evaluate the potential association between prior vasectomy and the risk of developing prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the relationship between vasectomy and prostate cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Of the 111,914 men, prostate cancer was identified in 13,885 men and vasectomies were performed in 48,657. We used multivariate analysis to examine the relationship between prostate cancer and vasectomy. We also performed propensity score-adjusted and propensity score-matched analysis. Results: Men utilizing vasectomy were more likely to be ever married, fathers, educated, white, and screened for prostate cancer. During 4,251,863 person-years of follow-up, there was a small association between vasectomy and incident prostate cancer with a hazard ratio of 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01-1.11). However, no significant association was found when looking separately at prostate cancer by grade or stage. Conclusions were similar when using propensity adjustment and matching. Importantly, a significant interaction between vasectomy and PSA screening was identified. Discussion: Estimates of the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer are sensitive to analytic method underscoring the tenuous nature of the connection. Given the differences between men who do and do not utilize vasectomy, selection bias appears likely to explain any identified association between vasectomy and prostate cancer. Conclusions: With over 20 years of follow-up, no convincing relationship between vasectomy and prostate cancer of any grade was identified.

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“…These arise from the possibility of information bias in case-control studies,21 from the use of self reports by cohort members or their wives to identify prostate cancer cases,27 and from small numbers in studies finding an increased incidence of testicular cancer 28. Our investigation attempted to overcome these difficulties by including a large enough cohort of vasectomised men to allow a detailed, quantitative assessment of the risk of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of testicular cancer after vasectomy: cohort study of over 73 000 men

Møller

Knudsen

Lynge

1994

BMJ

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Results-The overall pattern of cancer incidence in the study cohort was similar to that expected nationally. No increased incidence in testicular cancer was observed (70 cases; standardised morbidity ratio 1-01 (95% confidence interval 0 79 to 1.28)). The incidence during the first year of follow up was also close to that expected (nine cases; standardised morbidity ratio 0-80 (0.36 to 1.51)). The incidence of prostate cancer was not increased (165 cases; standardised morbidity ratio 0-98 (0.84 to 1.14)).Conclussions-The incidence of testicular cancer in men with vasectomy is no higher than in other men. Vasectomy does not cause testicular cancer and does not accelerate the growth or diagnosis of pre-existing testicular neoplasms. Data concerning a causal relation between vasectomy and prostate cancer were inconclusive.

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Vasectomy and Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Human prostate cancer risk factors

Human prostate cancer risk factors

Vasectomy and the risk of prostate cancer in a prospective US Cohort: Data from the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study

Risk of testicular cancer after vasectomy: cohort study of over 73 000 men

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